A photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor is a very efficient and sensitive detection technology for the quick and effective conversion of light to electrical signals. However, the sensitivity and stability of the sensors are still unsatisfactory based on single-phase semiconductors or in the absence of sacrificial agents in the test solution. Herein, we present an efficient curing sacrificial agent-induced dual-heterojunction PEC system, which can detect the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with high sensitivity. This PEC immune system was initially fabricated using single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs), p-type MoS2, and n-type Ag2S successively through a Schottky junction and p-n heterojunction on a glassy carbon electrode with electrodeposited gold nanoparticles. Then, the capture antibody (Ab1) was modified and the nonspecific binding sites were sealed off. Meanwhile, the ferrocene (Fc) solidified with hollow nanospheres of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) served as a curing electronic sacrificial agent (Fc-ZnFe2O4). Next, the detection antibody labeled with Fc-ZnFe2O4 (Ab2-Fc-ZnFe2O4) was used as a bio-nanoprobe and captured by PSA and Ab1 via sandwich immunorecognition. Under white light, PEC signal amplification could be driven by the curing electronic sacrificial agent-induced dual-heterojunction to achieve the highly sensitive detection of the target. This proposed system exhibited excellent photocurrent performance within the working range from 1 fg·mL-1 to 100 ng·mL-1 at a low detection limit of 0.44 fg·mL-1 (S/N = 3). The proposed strategy features high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability that provides a new opportunity for the development of biosensors in the PEC field.The elaboration of scaffolds able to efficiently promote cell differentiation toward a given cell type remains challenging. Here, we engineered dense type I collagen threads with the aim of providing scaffolds with specific morphological and mechanical properties for C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. Extrusion of pure collagen solutions at different concentrations (15, 30, and 60 mg/mL) in a PBS 5× buffer generated dense fibrillated collagen threads. For the two highest concentrations, threads displayed a core-shell structure with a marked fibril orientation of the outer layer along the longitudinal axis of the threads. Young's modulus and ultimate tensile stress as high as 1 and 0.3 MPa, respectively, were obtained for the most concentrated collagen threads without addition of any cross-linkers. C3H10T1/2 cells oriented themselves with a mean angle of 15-24° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the threads.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Nolvadex.html  Cells penetrated the 30 mg/mL scaffolds but remained on the surface of the 60 mg/mL ones. After three weeks of culture, cells displayed strong expression of the tendon differentiation marker Tnmd, especially for the 30 mg/mL threads. These results suggest that both the morphological and mechanical characteristics of collagen threads are key factors in promoting C3H10T1/2 differentiation into tenocytes, offering promising levers to optimize tissue engineering scaffolds for tendon regeneration.The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is an emerging drug target in malaria due to its essential role in the parasite's life cycle stages as well its contribution to resistance to artemisinins. Polymorphisms in the Kelch13 gene of Plasmodium falciparum are primary markers of artemisinin resistance and among other things are phenotypically characterized by an overactive UPS. Inhibitors targeting the proteasome, critical components of the UPS, display activity in malaria parasites and synergize artemisinin action. Here we report the activity of small molecule inhibitors targeting mammalian deubiquitinating enzymes, DUBs (upstream UPS components), in malaria parasites. We show that generic DUB inhibitors can block intraerythrocytic development of malaria parasites in vitro and possess antiparasitic activity in vivo and can be used in combination with additive to synergistic effect. We also show that inhibition of these upstream components of the UPS can potentiate the activity of artemisinin in vitro as well as in vivo to the extent that artemisinin resistance can be overcome. Combinations of DUB inhibitors anticipated to target different DUB activities and downstream proteasome inhibitors are even more effective at improving the potency of artemisinins than either inhibitors alone, providing proof that targeting multiple UPS activities simultaneously could be an attractive approach to overcoming artemisinin resistance. These data further validate the parasite UPS as a target to both enhance artemisinin action and potentially overcome resistance. Lastly, we confirm that DUB inhibitors can be developed into in vivo antimalarial drugs with promise for activity against all of human malaria and could thus further exploit their current pursuit as anticancer agents in rapid drug repurposing programs.The increase in the concentration of electrolytes for secondary batteries has significant advantages in terms of physicochemical and electrochemical performance. This study aims to explore a highly concentrated electrolyte for Na-ion batteries using a ternary salt system. The eutectic composition of the Na[N(SO2F)2]-Na[N(SO2F)(SO2CF3)]-Na[SO3CF3] ternary molten salt system increases solubility into an organic solvent, enabling the use of highly concentrated electrolytes for Na-ion batteries. The ternary salt system achieved concentrations of 5.0 m (m = mol kg-1) with propylene carbonate (PC), 2.9 m with dimethoxyethane, 2.0 m with ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate, and 3.9 m with ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate. The highly concentrated electrolyte of 5.0 m in PC suppressed Al corrosion and exhibited better oxidative stability. Stable electrochemical performance using hard carbon/NaCrO2 in the full-cell configuration introduces a new strategy to explore highly concentrated electrolytes for secondary batteries.ConspectusMetal-organic and covalent-organic frameworks (MOFs/COFs) have been extensively studied for fundamental interests and their promising applications, taking advantage of their unique structural properties, i.e., high porosity and large surface-to-volume ratio. However, their electronic and magnetic properties have been somewhat overlooked because of their relatively poor performance as conductive and/or magnetic materials. Recent experimental breakthroughs in synthesizing two-dimensional (2D) π-conjugated MOFs/COFs with high conductivity and robust magnetism through doping have generated renewed and increasing interest in their electronic properties. Meanwhile, comprehensive theoretical studies of the underlying physical principles have led to discovery of many exotic quantum states, such as topological insulating states, which were only observed in inorganic systems. Especially, the diversity and high tunability of MOFs/COFs have provided a playground to explore novel quantum physics and quantum chemistry as well as promising applications.