https://www.selleckchem.com/products/r-hts-3.html that low health literacy is common and we need more ways to address it in surgery. ©2020 Chang, Baker, Dos Santos Marques, et al.BACKGROUND Health literacy is a significant determinant of health behaviors, but the pathways through which health literacy influences health behaviors are not completely clear nor consistent. The purpose of this systematic review is to critically appraise studies that have empirically tested the potential pathways linking health literacy to health behavior. METHODS We performed searches of the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL to identify studies that proposed a conceptual framework and empirically tested the proposed mechanism through which health literacy influences certain health behaviors. Twenty eligible studies were included for analysis. KEY RESULTS The 20 studies addressed various health behaviors chronic disease self-management (n = 8), medication adherence (n = 2), overall health status (n = 4), oral care (n = 1), cancer screening (n = 1), shared decision-making (n = 1), health information sharing (n = 1), physical activity and eating behaviors (n = 1), and emergency department visitsealth literacy models can serve as the conceptual basis for developing effective health interventions to improve health behaviors and ultimately decrease the burden of disease in such vulnerable populations. [HLRP Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2020;4(1)e21-e44.] PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY This review systemically compiles, and critically appraises 20 existing studies that test conceptual frameworks that propose potential pathways through which health literacy affects health behaviors. The findings from this review can help inform the development of health literacy-focused interventions to improve the health behaviors of populations with disease burdens. ©2020 Cudjoe, Delva, Cajita, et al.The discovery of non-fish sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is of great biotechnol