Intertidal benthos link tertiary predators and primary producers in marine food webs as well as directly contribute to sediment CO2 emission. However, current methods for studying food sources of marine benthos are time-consuming and does not allow direct estimates on feeding regime-related (including different diets, active versus dormant) CO2 production. We examined the food sources of mangrove crabs and gastropods as well as their corresponding CO2 production using cavity-ring down spectroscopy to measure the δ13C-CO2 respiration for consumers, considering the effects of feeding regime, benthos taxa, and dominant feeding habit. Benthos taxa and feeding habit have significant impact on δ13C-CO2 respiration. Particularly, the δ13C-CO2 respiration for crabs (-23.9 ± 0.4‰) was significantly lower than that for gastropods (-17.5 ± 1.3‰). The δ13C-CO2 respiration for deposit-feeders was significantly higher than that for detritivores. There are significant differences in the amount of CO2 emitted and δ13C-CO2 respiration for crabs under different feeding regimes. The differences reflect diet-switching and fuel-switching by the crabs, i.e. 'you breathe what you eat'. Significant differences in CO2 production of crabs also exist between those feeding on microphytobenthos in the laboratory (0.13 ± 0.02 mmol g-1 day-1) and on field collection (i.e. just collected from the field) (0.31 ± 0.03 mmol g-1 day-1). CO2 production of crabs is strongly related to carapace width and length. The δ13C-CO2 respiration for mangrove crabs reflects their diet while crab-respired CO2 flux is related to crab size. These relationships enable partitioning the feeding habit and food sources of key benthos, and help incorporate their contribution into the overall sediment-atmosphere CO2 fluxes in mangrove forests.The problem of aquatic invasive species caused by discharge of ballast water and sediments from ships' ballast tanks has become extremely prominent. Seventeen sediment samples taken from ballast tanks of different ships docked in two Chinese shipyards were examined to identify the variety of resting dinoflagellate cysts. Twenty-two dinoflagellate cyst taxa were identified in these samples, including 11 photosynthetic and eleven heterotrophic species. These species represent 10 genera with the dominating assemblages of Alexandrium minutum, Scrippsiella acuminata, Lingulodinium polyedra, Protoperidinium sp. and Protoperidinium conicum. The total abundance of the dinoflagellate cysts ranged from 36 to 448 cysts g-1 dry weight, which demonstrated a wide range of diversity for different ships. It was observed that the number of taxa and concentrations of cysts in ballast tank sediments were slightly greater for ships performing short voyage than ships performing longer voyage. The compositions of dinoflagellate cysts in sediments from ships sailing diverse routes were more variable than those sailing same routes. Sediment moisture content proved to be well correlated to the total cyst abundance (r = 0.7422, P less then 0.01). Furthermore, nine toxic and harmful species were observed from all sediment samples, which indicated a wide range of distribution and potential risk of harmful algal blooms if being discharged to Chinese waters. As a result, full attention should be drawn to the studies on dinoflagellate cysts in the ballast tank sediments from ships arriving at China, this is of great significance for preventing introduction of toxic and harmful dinoflagellate cysts and protecting native marine biodiversity.Few studies have been conducted with regard to the effects of insecticides on population dynamics of shrimps and associated groups such as macrophytes, phytoplankton, microorganisms etc. In the present study, effects of a single application of fenoxycarb were tested using indoor freshwater systems dominated by Neocaridina palmata and Ceratophyllum demersum (Dicotyledons Ceratophyllales). The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) and lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) for the N. palmata, as scaled by liberated chitobiase, were 6.48 μg/L and 27.76 μg/L, and the dose-related effect lasted for 14 days. Results of principal components analysis (PCA) and that of principal response curves (PRC) method showed that the biomass of C. demersum and concentrations of chlorophyll-a were suppressed, while the concentrations of phycocyanin were promoted. Illumina high-throughput sequencing was adopted to determine the diversity of bacteria and fungi in the media. Result of PCA and PRC showed that the fenoxycarb promoted photosynthetic bacteria (e.g. Cyanobacteria and Rhodobacterales) and suppressed groups involved in nitrogen and sulfur the transformation (e.g. Flavobacterium, hgcI_clade, Cystobasidium, Rhodotorula and Rhizobiales). Promotion in pathogen such as Pseudomonas and Cercozoa and suppression in beneficial taxa such as Novosphingobium and Rhodotorula were also sighted. Result of study suggested a water quality deterioration due to fenoxycarb applications.The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a major challenge to health systems worldwide. Recently, numbers of epidemiological studies have illustrated that climate conditions and air pollutants are associated with the COVID-19 confirmed cases worldwide. Researches also suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 could be detected in fecal and wastewater samples. These findings provided the possibility of preventing and controlling the COVID-19 pandemic from an environmental perspective. With this review, the main purpose is to summarize the relationship between the atmospheric and wastewater environment and COVID-19. In terms of the atmospheric environment, the evidence of the relationship between atmospheric environment (climate factors and air pollution) and COVID-19 is growing, but currently available data and results are various.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bozitinib.html  It is necessary to comprehensively analyze their associations to provide constructive suggestions in responding to the pandemic. Recently, large numbers of studies have shown the widespread presence of this virus in wastewater and the feasibility of wastewater surveillance when the pandemic is ongoing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to clarify the occurrence and implication of viruses in wastewater and to understand the potential of wastewater-based epidemiology of pandemic. Overall, environmental perspective-based COVID-19 studies can provide new insight into pandemic prevention and control, and minimizes the economic cost for COVID-19 in areas with a large outbreak or a low economic level.