Logistic regressions indicate steps per day was a primary predictor of unassisted walking recovery; removal of steps per day resulted in primary predictors of baseline BBS and strength. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses indicate significant areas under the curve for BBS and relatively low cutoff scores of 5.5 points at admission to walk without assistance at any speed. ROC analyses performed using 1-week outcomes indicate BBS scores of 5-17 points were needed to achieve locomotor thresholds.
 
  Stepping activity, BBS, and paretic leg strength were primary predictors of walking outcomes in patients performing HIT, and ROC analyses indicated recovery of independent walking could be achieved in low functioning patients early poststroke.
 Stepping activity, BBS, and paretic leg strength were primary predictors of walking outcomes in patients performing HIT, and ROC analyses indicated recovery of independent walking could be achieved in low functioning patients early poststroke.
  To determine the test-retest reliability and validity of the Lower Extremity Motor Activity Log (LE-MAL) for assessing LE use in the community in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS).
 
  Prospective analysis of measures conducted by trained examiners.
 
  Participants were evaluated by telephone on several measures of LE use.
 
  Adults with MS (N=43).
 
  Not applicable.
 
  The LE-MAL has 3 subscales (Assistance, Functional Performance, and Confidence). It was administered twice, at least 2 weeks apart. The Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12), Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS), and Mobility Scale were only administered during the first call.
 
  The test-retest reliability of the composite and the 3 subscale LE-MAL scores were high (intraclass correlation, >0.94). The composite and subscale LE-MAL scores were strongly correlated with the MSWS-12, PDDS, and Mobility Scale scores (r=-0.56 to -0.77; P<.001).
 
  This initial study suggests that the LE-MAL reliably and validly measures LE use in the community in adults with MS.
 This initial study suggests that the LE-MAL reliably and validly measures LE use in the community in adults with MS.
  To examine the psychometric properties of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale administered in the Slovene version with a simplified 5-option response format (ABC-5/SLO) using Rasch analysis.
 
  Methodological research on data gathered in a cross-sectional study.
 
  Outpatient university rehabilitation clinic.
 
  A convenience sample of adults with unilateral lower-limb amputation (N=138; 75% men) longer than 6 months who regularly wear a prosthesis.
 
  Not applicable.
 
  We evaluated functioning of rating scale categories, internal construct validity, reliability indices, and dimensionality using the ABC-5/SLO (0=no confidence to 4=complete confidence).
 
  The ABC-5/SLO rating scale fulfilled the category functioning criteria. All items fit the underlying scale construct (balance confidence) except item 8 ("walk outside the house to a car parked in the driveway"), which was overfitting. The person abilities-item difficulty matching (targeting) was good. The person separation reliability was .92, and the item separation reliability was .99. Analysis of the standardized Rasch residuals showed the scale's unidimensionality and absence of high item dependency (residual correlations, <.30). The correlation between the ABC-5/SLO and the Prosthetic Mobility Questionnaire (Rasch measures) was high (ρ=.84), as expected. Minor signs of item redundancy were found.
 
  The simplified ABC-5/SLO scale is a valid and reliable measure of balance confidence for individuals with lower-limb amputation. It is possible to transform the ordinal summed raw scores of the ABC-5/SLO into interval-level measurements using a nomogram.
 The simplified ABC-5/SLO scale is a valid and reliable measure of balance confidence for individuals with lower-limb amputation. It is possible to transform the ordinal summed raw scores of the ABC-5/SLO into interval-level measurements using a nomogram.Legumes produce root nodules containing symbiotic rhizobial bacteria that convert atmospheric molecular nitrogen into ammonia or related nitrogenous compounds. The host plant supplies photosynthetic products to root nodules forming a mutualistic system. Legumes have physiological mechanisms for regulating nodule production with chemical signals produced in leaves, called the autoregulation of nodulation. In this paper, we discuss the optimal number of root nodules that maximizes the performance of the host plant. Here, we study two models. In the stationary plant model, the acquired photosynthetic products minus cost and loss are used for reproduction. In the growing plant model, the excess material is invested to produce leaves, roots, and root nodules, resulting in the exponential growth of the whole plant. The analysis shows that having root nodules is beneficial to the plant for a high leaf nitrogen content, faster plant growth rate, a short leaf longevity, a low root/shoot ratio, and low soil nutrient concentration. We discuss the long-distance control of nodulation-autoregulation and dependence on the environmental conditions of terrestrial plants considering these results.
  Securing the supply of immunoglobulins is essential in indications without therapeutic alternatives, such as primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs). The objective was to obtain an inventory of patients with PID, and to quantify their immunoglobulin needs.
 
  The retrospective study was conducted using data from January to June 2018, in Bordeaux, Lyon and Paris (Saint-Louis). Patients with PID were included based on the pharmaceutical traceability of the 3 centres.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/BIBF1120.html  The concordance between the patients included and the patients in the CEREDIH register was analysed.
 
  For the 361 patients included (sex ratio M/F 0.8; mean age 45±20years, mean weight 62±19kg), 2082 dispensations were performed for a total volume of 57kg of immunoglobulins. Of the 108 specialty changes identified, 68% were due to supply tensions. In total, the analysis of CEREDIH data made it possible to identify 727 patients with PID and followed up once in the study centres, 161 of whom were recorded in the 2 data follow-ups (patients included and CEREDIH).