Lifestyle influences eye health and other chronic diseases. All health care providers, not just primary care physicians, should have the necessary information and training to advise and refer patients on lifestyle to take advantage of opportunities to provide such advice.
 
  The extent to which optometrists offer lifestyle advice to their patients is largely unknown. The Optometrists' Practices in Advising about Lifestyle (OPAL) study aimed to examine lifestyle advice that optometrists offer, to whom such advice is offered, and reasons for not offering this advice.
 
  We developed and administered a mail-in survey to 140 optometrists in Western New York.
 
  Five surveys were returned because of death, retirement, and relocation.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dmog.html  Of the 135 remaining eligible participants, 46 of the optometrists contacted responded to our survey; however, only 42 (31%) provided signed consent forms. Of these, more than 93% report offering advice on smoking, dietary supplements, and diet, and >59% reported offering on physicaients' perceptions and understanding of the advice offered to better understand whether this advice is received as the provider envisioned.
  We developed a head-mounted display (HMD) as an automated way of testing visual acuity (VA) to increase workplace efficiency. This study raises its potential utility and advantages, analyzes reasons for its current limitations, and discusses areas of improvement in the development of this device.
 
  Manual VA testing is important but labor-intensive in ophthalmology and optometry clinics. The purpose of this exploratory study is to assess the performance and identify potential limitations of an automated HMD for VA testing.
 
  Sixty patients from National University Hospital, Singapore, were enrolled in a prospective observational study. The HMD was constructed based on the Snellen chart, with single optotypes displayed at a time. Each subject underwent VA testing of both eyes with the manual Snellen chart tested at 6 m from the subject and the HMD.
 
  Fifty-three subjects were included in the final analysis, with an incompletion rate of 11.7% (n = 7). The mean difference in estimated acuity between the HMD andy for widespread clinical use primarily because of its low accuracy, which is limited by both technical and user factors. Future studies are needed to improve its accuracy and completion rate and to evaluate for test-retest reliability in a larger population.
  Nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) has been linked with vascular insufficiency, although the pathophysiology remains elusive. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a promising technology that noninvasively evaluates optic disc perfusion and that may help to characterize peripapillary vascular changes in NAION.
 
  This study aimed to evaluate peripapillary vascularity in NAION eyes and to compare it with fellow unaffected eyes and healthy control eyes using OCTA.
 
  In this cross-sectional study, OCTA of the optic nerve head was obtained in 10 nonacute unilateral NAION and 12 healthy age-matched controls using ZEISS Angioplex. Quantitative analysis of peripapillary retinal and choroidal vascularity of NAION eyes was done using the instrument's inbuilt algorithm and ImageJ software and compared with fellow and control eyes.
 
  Mean total peripapillary superficial retinal vessel and perfusion density as calculated by the instrument was significantly reduced in NAION eyes compared with felficantly affected at the choroidal level.
 Peripapillary vascularity can be estimated both at the retinal and choroidal levels using ImageJ software to analyze OCTA images. Retinal peripapillary vascularity is compromised in NAION eyes, but vascularity is not significantly affected at the choroidal level.
  Amiodarone and dronedarone have recognized ophthalmological adverse effects including optic neuropathy. The recognition of optic neuropathy as a complication of amiodarone and dronedarone treatment may enable withdrawing the drug and accordingly preventing permanent vision loss.
 
  This study aimed to describe a case of optic neuropathy after substitution of amiodarone with dronedarone for treatment of atrial fibrillation.
 
  An 81-year-old man treated with dronedarone for atrial fibrillation after amiodarone had caused tremor developed sequential permanent vision loss in both eyes.
 
  The importance of timely recognition of optic neuropathy as a complication of amiodarone and dronedarone treatment may enable discontinuing the drug, thus preventing permanent vision loss.
 The importance of timely recognition of optic neuropathy as a complication of amiodarone and dronedarone treatment may enable discontinuing the drug, thus preventing permanent vision loss.
  This case report demonstrates reduction in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and an abnormal electroretinogram after toxic optic neuropathy from ethambutol, more than 1 year after improvements in visual acuity (VA) and visual fields (VFs) were seen. Although many studies have described complications of ethambutol, continuing reduction in RNFL thickness 2 years after discontinuation has not been described elsewhere.
 
  It is well known that ethambutol can cause optic nerve toxicity, visual impairment, and VF loss. Visual acuity can be regained after stopping the drug; however, the amount and time frame are variable. There are few data on long-term follow-up of these cases to direct clinicians how to proceed once VA has stabilized. Here we present a case with 2 years of follow-up for a patient with ethambutol toxicity, showing the condition change even after VA becomes normal.
 
  A 61-year-old man presented shortly after discontinuing ethambutol for Mycobacterium avium complex. Visual acuity values were 20/70 in the right eye and 20/125 in the left eye with cecocentral VF scotomas. Optical coherence tomography showed normal RNFL. Visual-evoked potentials were significantly reduced and delayed. Over the course of 2 years, the patient became asymptomatic as VA and VF returned to normal and visual-evoked potential improved. However, the optical coherence tomography RNFL was reduced from each visit to the next, and the electroretinogram showed decreased scotopic and photopic amplitudes.
 
  Signs of ethambutol toxicity may remain or worsen years after discontinuation, even in the absence of patient symptoms and with normal VA and VF.
 Signs of ethambutol toxicity may remain or worsen years after discontinuation, even in the absence of patient symptoms and with normal VA and VF.