https://www.selleckchem.com/products/roc-325.html The quality of life score was lower if the respondent had long-term consequences. DISCUSSION A high incidence of long-term consequences is found in survivors of critical illness. In future, studies that investigate interventions to prevent these issues after ICU care are need.BACKGROUND Syringomyelia and Chiari Syndrome are classified as rare diseases, but current known occurrence in Europe is missing. The increased ability to diagnose these pathologies by magnetic resonance imaging and its widespread availability has led to an increase of reported cases, often asymptomatic, with the need to standardize definitions, diagnostic criteria and treatments. AIMS We present shared Interregional Recommendations developed with the primary aim to estimate Syringomyelia and Chiari Syndrome prevalence and incidence in North Western Italy, with special reference to symptomatic forms. METHODS An agreement for the standardization of definitions, classifications, diagnostic criteria and surgical Recommendations was reached by the multidisciplinary Interregional Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Chiari-Syringomyelia Consortium (Delphi method); next, in 2011 a census for Syringomyelia and Chiari Malformation was performed through the Interregional Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Rare Disease Registry, integrated by a dedicated form in order to estimate prevalence and incidence. RESULTS 436 patients, 292 females, met shared interregional diagnostic criteria. Syringomyelia prevalence was estimated in 4.84100 000; Chiari Malformation prevalence was 7.74100 000; incidence was 0.82100 000 and 3.08100 000 respectively. Demographics, neuroradiological parameters and aetiology were reported (in symptomatic and asymptomatic forms). Finally, symptoms and signs, familiar and natural history were analyzed. CONCLUSIONS First Italian epidemiological data (prevalence, incidence) on Chiari and syringomyelia was collected, according to shared diagnostic Recommend