ics education components into midwifery program curricula are provided, and more research is needed.
 Initial insights about optimal ways to incorporate the essential ethics education components into midwifery program curricula are provided, and more research is needed.Despite effective clearance of parenchymal amyloid-β (Aβ) in patients with Alzheimer's disease, Aβ immunotherapy exacerbates the vascular Aβ (VAβ)-associated pathology in the brain.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Decitabine.html  We have previously shown that BCG immunization facilitates protective monocyte recruitment to the brain of APP/PS1 mice. Here, we confirmed that the 4Aβ1-15 vaccine exacerbates VAβ deposits in this model, which coincides with a decrease in the number of cerebrovascular endothelial cells and pericytes, infiltration of neutrophils into the brain, and induction of cerebral microhemorrhage. Moreover, combined 4Aβ1-15/BCG treatment abrogates the development of the VAβ-associated pathology. In addition, BCG treatment is required for the upregulation of interleukin-10 in the brain. Notably, BCG treatment selectively enhances Aβ phagocytosis by recruited macrophages. Furthermore, combined 4Aβ1-15/BCG treatment is more effective than 4Aβ1-15 monotherapy in synaptic preservation and the enhancement of the learning efficiency. Overall, our study suggests that the combination of Aβ-targeted therapy with an immunomodulatory strategy may improve the efficacy of Aβ vaccine in Alzheimer's disease.Normal aging is associated with numerous biological changes, including altered brain metabolism and tissue chemistry. In vivo characterization of the neurochemical profile during aging is possible using magnetic resonance spectroscopy, a powerful noninvasive technique capable of quantifying brain metabolites involved in physiological processes that become impaired with age. A prominent macromolecular signal underlies those of brain metabolites and is particularly visible at high fields; parameterization of this signal into components improves quantification and expands the number of biomarkers comprising the neurochemical profile. The present study reports, for the first time, the simultaneous absolute quantification of brain metabolites and individual macromolecules in aging male and female Fischer 344 rats, measured longitudinally using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7 T. We identified age- and sex-related changes in neurochemistry, with prominent differences in metabolites implicated in anaerobic energy metabolism, antioxidant defenses, and neuroprotection, as well as numerous macromolecule changes. These findings contribute to our understanding of the neurobiological processes associated with healthy aging, critical for the proper identification and management of pathologic aging trajectories. This article is part of the Virtual Special Issue titled COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE OF HEALTHY AND PATHOLOGICAL AGING. The full issue can be found on ScienceDirect athttps//www.sciencedirect.com/journal/neurobiology-of-aging/special-issue/105379XPWJP.Copy number variation (CNV) at 7q11.23 causes distinct disorders with both contrasting and overlapping phenotypic features of some but not all of the genes encompassed by the CNV. The spectrum of cognitive disabilities, psychopathology and altered behaviours associated with 7q11.23 CNV provides a tantalizing window of opportunity to better understand the molecular bases for complex human cognitive function and social behaviour. Study of individuals with atypical CNVs has narrowed the field of candidate genes, and the generation of mouse models has allowed further insight into their functions. Recent research has used high-throughput genomics techniques to interrogate the transcriptome and methylome, and initial strategies to correct gene transcription levels, pathophysiology and cognitive and behavioural phenotypes show promise.
  Few spatial studies on serum selenoprotein P (SELENOP) and Keshan disease (KD) have been reported at the county-level in Heilongjiang province, China. This study aimed to provide visualized spatial epidemiological evidence of selenium molecular marker in residents living in endemic areas for the precise assessment of prevention, control, and elimination of KD.
 
  Using a spatial ecological study design, 587 subjects living in cities, townships, and rural areas of 50 KD endemic counties and 37 non-endemic counties in Heilongjiang province were investigated. The serum SELENOP levels of the participants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Thematic maps were created, and spatial regression analysis was conducted using ordinary least squares.
 
  The mean serum SELENOP level of the 587 subjects was 7.4 ± 3.0 μg/mL. The mean levels of serum SELENOP were higher in cities (7.4 ± 2.9 μg/mL) and townships (7.9 ± 3.2 μg/mL) than in rural areas (6.0 ± 3.0 μg/mL). The mean levels of serum SELENOP were trendition perspective.Despite the knowledge about heavy metals toxicity on humans, its use is widely spread mainly for industrial processes. Chromium is an element that belongs to this group and although it is present in our daily diet, it can also be harmful for humans, causing skin allergies and increasing the risk of lung cancer, among other health effects reported. In this review, we highlight its nutritional role, its toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic in humans, its regulation in the industry and the biomonitoring proposal of this element in blood and urine samples with the aim to control the level of exposure of the workers in military industry and also of the general population.
  Zinc deficiency is associated with adverse effects on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. These consequences have been reported over the years from zinc supplementation trials and observational studies whereby outcomes of maternal, foetal and infant health were measured. Owing to the importance of zinc in the functions of epigenetic enzymes, pre-clinical studies have shown that its deficiency could disrupt biological activities that involve epigenetic mechanisms in offspring. Thus, this review assessed the link between epigenetics and the effects of maternal zinc deficiency on the offspring's health in animal studies.
 
  Research articles were retrieved without date restriction from PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases, as well as reference lists of relevant articles. The search terms used were "zinc deficiency", "maternal zinc deficiency", "epigenetics", and "offspring." Six studies met the eligibility criteria and were reviewed.
 
  All the eligible studies reported maternal zinc deficiency and observed changes in epigenetic markers on the progeny during prenatal and postnatal stages of development.