https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gdc-0068.html To explore the use of various types of knowledge, we mapped genomic polymorphisms to Gene Ontology (GO) terms and transcriptomics-based gene clusters, and applied these in a Genomic Feature Best Linear Unbiased Predictor (GFBLUP) model, which is an extension to the traditional Genomic BLUP (GBLUP) benchmark. Our results suggest that incorporation of prior biological knowledge can improve genomic prediction accuracy for both Φ PSII and PLA. The improvement achieved depends on the trait, type of knowledge and trait heritability. Moreover, transcriptomics offers complementary evidence to the Gene Ontology for improvement when used to define functional groups of genes. In conclusion, prior knowledge about trait-specific groups of genes can be directly translated into improved genomic prediction.Tra catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), also known as striped catfish, is a facultative air-breather that uses its swim bladder as an air-breathing organ (ABO). A related species in the same order (Siluriformes), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), does not possess an ABO and thus cannot breathe in the air. Tra and channel catfish serve as great comparative models for investigating possible genetic underpinnings of aquatic to land transitions, as well as for understanding genes that are crucial for the development of the swim bladder and the function of air-breathing in tra catfish. In this study, hypoxia challenge and microtomy experiments collectively revealed critical time points for the development of the air-breathing function and swim bladder in tra catfish. Seven developmental stages in tra catfish were selected for RNA-seq analysis based on their transition to a stage that could live at 0 ppm oxygen. More than 587 million sequencing clean reads were generated, and a total of 21,448 unique genes were detected. A comparative genomic analysis between channel catfish and tra catfish revealed 76 genes that were present i