https://www.selleckchem.com/products/5-chloro-2-deoxyuridine.html Craniosynostosis (CSS), the premature fusion of calvarial sutures, most commonly involves the sagittal suture. Cranial vault remodeling (CVR) is a traditional method of CSS correction. Minimally invasive methods are becoming widely accepted, including spring-assisted surgery (SAS). The equipment required for SAS is minimal therefore adaptable to resource challenged health systems. This paper outlines the experience of SAS in Moldova.A retrospective study was performed for patients treated with SAS for sagittal CSS from 2011 to 2018 in Moldova. Perioperative data were recorded including age, length of surgery, blood loss, volume transfused and length of stay. Four patients had pre- and post-operative computed tomography (CT) scans which were used to calculate changes in cephalic index, normative cephalic index, and intracranial volume.Thirteen patients underwent SAS. Diagnoses were made clinically and confirmed with CT. Mean age at surgery was 4.0 months, and length of surgery 62.7 minutes. All but one patie3%), normative cephalic index (11.8%), and intracranial volume (38.1%) was observed. One patient underwent SAS at 11 months and required cranioplasty for asymmetry at the time of spring removal.SAS is a safe and cost-effective method of CSS correction that can be utilized in countries with limited health system resources. Layperson assessments are becoming increasingly important in the evaluation of surgical procedures of the face, including smile reanimation. In this study, the authors set out to answer 3 questions (1) are esthetic scores more dependent on the assessor or the person that is being assessed, (2) how does smile reanimation change esthetic scores, (3) do sex and age of the patient and assessor explain some of the esthetic outcomes?Thirty-five assessors scored pre and postoperative photographs of 21 facial palsy patients undergoing smile reanimation. Linear mixed-effect models were used