https://www.selleckchem.com/products/i-brd9-gsk602.html Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is considered standard therapeutic management in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). This is based on old randomised trials with methodological limitations, namely the absence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. The aim of this study is to assess the risk not administering PCI when systematic brain imaging is applied. Retrospective study including untreated SCLC, without PCI and receiving brain imaging at the time of diagnosis. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank statistics were used for survival analyses. Among 150 patients, 75 were possibly eligible for PCI. Thirteen patients presented with an isolated brain recurrence as the first site of progression with no other metastatic sites apparent, and in 6 patients, the brain was the only recurrent site during the whole follow-up. In the group of patients eligible for PCI, there was no statistically significant survival difference according to the brain progression status (P=0.11). The expected impact of PCI seems limited in terms of overall survival and prevention of isolated brain metastases in patients having systematic brain imaging during SCLC work-up. The expected impact of PCI seems limited in terms of overall survival and prevention of isolated brain metastases in patients having systematic brain imaging during SCLC work-up. In a clinical phenotype-based management strategy for COPD, it would be preferable to at least assign all patients to a phenotype, but to a single phenotype only. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether all patients are assigned to one and only one phenotype using the Spanish COPD guidelines (GesEPOC) and to evaluate the criteria that define these categories. The Time-based Register and Analysis of COPD Endpoints study (TRACE; clinicaltrials.gov NCT03485690) is a prospective cohort of COPD patients attending annual visits since 2012, which collects GesEPOC phenotypes. Although the GesEPOC reco