CONCLUSIONS If provisioned water is provided to potential hosts of D. medinensis, metal containers create the most inhospitable environment for copepods. Plastic containers have little effect on copepod mortality. The use of metal containers for water provisions could be a useful tool assisting with interruption of D. medinensis transmission among dogs. BACKGROUND An outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (COVID -19) in Wuhan, China, the epidemic is more widespread than initially estimated, with cases now confirmed in multiple countries. AIMS The aim of the meta-analysis was to assess the prevalence of comorbidities in the COVID-19 infection patients and the risk of underlying diseases in severe patients compared to non-severe patients. METHODS A literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of sciences until February 25, 2020. Risk ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects models. RESULTS Eight studies were included in the meta- analysis, including 46248 infected patients. The result showed the most prevalent clinical symptom was fever ( 91 ± 3, 95% CI 86-97% ), followed by cough (67 ± 7, 95% CI 59-76%), fatigue ( 51 ± 0, 95% CI 34-68% ) and dyspnea ( 30 ± 4, 95% CI 21-40%). The most prevalent comorbidity were hypertension (17 ± 7, 95% CI 14-22%) and diabetes ( 8 ± 6, 95% CI 6-11% ), followed by cardiovascular diseases ( 5 ± 4, 95% CI 4-7% ) and respiratory system disease( 2 ± 0, 95% CI 1-3% ). Compared with the Non-severe patient, the pooled odds ratio of hypertension, respiratory system disease, cardiovascular disease in severe patients were (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.46-3.83), (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.76-3.44) and (OR 3.42, 95% CI 1.88-6.22)respectively. CONCLUSION We assessed the prevalence of comorbidities in the COVID-19 infection patients and found underlying disease, including hypertension, respiratory system disease and cardiovascular, may be a risk factor for severe patients compared with Non-severe patients. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the relationship between treatment outcomes and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) or drug-resistant genes. METHODS Clinical data of 92 patients diagnosed with Ct infection were collected. Of these, 28 received regular treatment of azithromycin and 64 received minocycline. All patients underwent three monthly follow-ups after completion of the treatments. Microdilution method was used for the in vitro susceptibility tests. Acquisition of 23S rRNA mutations and tet(M) gene were detected by gene amplification and/or sequencing. RESULTS MICs of azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline were comparable for isolates from the treatment-failure and -success groups. Higher detection rates of 23S rRNA gene mutations and tet(M) were found in the treatment-failure (57.14%, 71.43%, respectively) than in the treatment-success group (14.29%, 30.23%, respectively) (P  less then  0.05). A2057G, C2452A, T2611C gene mutations of 23S rRNA were detected in 8 clinical isolates from azithromycin treatment-failure group, while T2611C gene mutation was detected in one clinical strain from treatment-success group. CONCLUSION Detection of resistant genes can better explain the high treatment failure rate than the MIC results in patients with urogenital Ct infection, highlighting the need for genetic antimicrobial resistance testing in infected patients. OBJECTIVE An emerging outbreak of COVID-19 has been detected in at least 26 countries worldwide. Given this pandemic situation, robust risk communication is urgently needed particularly in affected countries. Therefore, this study explored the potential use of Google Trends (GT) to monitor public restlessness toward COVID-19 epidemic infection in Taiwan. METHODS We retrieved GT data for the specific locations of Taiwan nationwide and subregions using defined search terms related to coronavirus, handwashing, and face masks. RESULTS Searches related to COVID-19 and face masks in Taiwan increased rapidly, following the announcements of Taiwan' first imported case and reached its peak as local cases were reported. However, searches for handwashing were gradually increased in period of face masks shortage. Moreover, high to moderate correlations between Google relative search volume (RSV) and COVID-19 cases were found in Taipei (lag-3), New Taipei (lag-2), Taoyuan (lag-2), Tainan (lag-1), Taichung (lag0), and Kaohsiung (lag0). CONCLUSION In response to the ongoing outbreak, our results demonstrated that GT could potentially define the proper timing and location for practicing appropriate risk communication strategies to the affected population. To understand the immune landscape of deficient mismatch repair colorectal cancer (dMMR CRC) tumor microenviroment (TME), gene expression profiling was performed by the nCounter PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel. The study was conducted retrospectively on 89 dMMR-CRC samples. The expression of CD3, CD8, PD1 and PD-L1 protein was evaluated on a subset of samples by immunohistochemistry analysis, and lymphocyte density was calculated. A subset of deregulated genes was identified. Functional clustering analysis performed on these genes generated four main factors factor 1, including antigen processing and presentation, with its MHC-II related genes; factor 2, comprising genes correlated with the cytotoxic activity of immune system; factor 3, T-Cell Chemotaxis/Cell Adhesion genes; and factor 4, T-CD4+ regulator cell-related genes. A "deregulation score" (DS), was calculated for each sample. Based on their DS, tumors were then classified as COLD (DS ≤ -3) to select the samples with a strong down-regulation of the immune system and NOTCOLD (DS ≥ -2). The COLD group of patients showed a worse prognosis in terms of survival considering all patients (P = 0.0172), and patients with metastatic disease (P = 0.0031). These results confirm that dMMR-CRCs do not constitute a homogenous group as concerns the immune system activity of TME. In particular, the distinction between COLD and NOTCOLD tumors may improve the management of these two subsets of patients.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Y-27632.html