https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AM-1241.html Optimization was successful in achieving about threefold increase in the yield of xylanase. The optimized conditions resulted in a successful scale up and enhancement of xylanase production. To report the safety, anatomical and functional outcomes of autologous neurosensory retinal transplant in patients with a refractory large unclosed macular hole. This is a prospective case series of four patients with large chronic macular hole that underwent vitrectomy and free-flap neurosensory retinal transplantation surgery with silicone oil tamponade. The hole was closed with an autologous retinal transplant of an approximate diameter of 1.5-1.8 mm, harvested outside the vascular arcades. Anatomical and functional outcomes were assessed using best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA-Snellen), optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography, microperimetry (MP), and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG). There were 2 male and 2 female patients with median age of 73 (60-81) years. The median follow-up period was 17 (13-23) months. The median preoperative size of the macular hole was 1872.5 (868-2591) μm at the widest basal diameter and 828 (556-1099) μm at the minimum diameter. Surgery resulted in thewithout signs of neovascularization. There were no intra- or postoperative complications. Autologous retinal transplantation surgery is a successful technique for closing of large refractory macular holes. The procedure is safe and provides good anatomical results. Visual acuity, microperimetry, and mfERG suggest some gradual functional integration of outer regions of the transplants, but no central functional restitution has been detected as yet. Autologous retinal transplantation surgery is a successful technique for closing of large refractory macular holes. The procedure is safe and provides good anatomical results. Visual acuity, microperimetry, and mfERG suggest some gradual functional integration of outer regions of the tran