020), and oligoarthritis (persistent and extended; p =0.043) were significantly associated with TMJ involvement. Human leucocyte antigen-B27-positive patients were less likely to have TMJ involvement (p=0.023). Pain on palpation and pain while chewing were statistically significantly associated with TMJ involvement (p=0.008 and p =0.020, respectively).
 
  Based on our findings, to identify TMJ involvement special attention should be paid to JIA patients with female gender, ANA positivity, and oligoarthritis, as well as those with a higher number of additional joints with active arthritis; and regular examinations of the TMJ should be performed.
 Based on our findings, to identify TMJ involvement special attention should be paid to JIA patients with female gender, ANA positivity, and oligoarthritis, as well as those with a higher number of additional joints with active arthritis; and regular examinations of the TMJ should be performed.
  Substantial changes in the handling of patients with inflammatory arthritis have occurred during the past half century. Polyarticular psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has been treated with the same synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but for PsA there is less documentation regarding their effect.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD2281(Olaparib).html  For biologic DMARDs, evidence of effect is more convincing. We have previously investigated the risk of orthopaedic surgery in patients with RA and PsA to see whether the change in treatment over time has improved the long-term outcome of inflammatory arthritis. For RA, patients diagnosed from 1999 onwards had a lower risk of surgery than patients diagnosed in earlier years. For PsA, the risk of surgery did not change similarly. We wished to compare RA patients to PsA patients with regard to medical and surgical treatment.
 
  We compared a historic cohort of 1010 RA patients diagnosed in 1972-2009 to a historic cohort of 590 PsA patients diagnosed in 1954-2011.
 
  PsA patients received significantly less medical treatment both in the first year of disease and during the disease course. Risk of surgery during the disease course was lower for PsA than for RA (20% vs 31%). The risk of surgery in RA patients diagnosed from 1999 onwards was similar to that of PsA patients.
 
  PsA patients received less intensive treatment than RA patients. Their prognosis, regarding orthopaedic surgery, was also less severe. Contrary to RA, the change in treatment did not have beneficial effects regarding the risk of orthopaedic surgery.
 PsA patients received less intensive treatment than RA patients. Their prognosis, regarding orthopaedic surgery, was also less severe. Contrary to RA, the change in treatment did not have beneficial effects regarding the risk of orthopaedic surgery.For primary prevention of spousal violence which is highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), an important empirical question is "how early in a marital relationship does spousal violence commence? In this study, we employed descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier method and accelerated failure time models to estimate prevalence of parental history of spousal violence; estimate the timing of onset of spousal violence for sub-regions of SSA and assess the associated factors. We analyzed a weighted sample of 62,274 women aged 15-49 years from the domestic violence module of Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 14 SSA countries between 2015 and 2018. Prevalence of spousal violence among ever married women ranged from 20.5% in Nigeria to 45.9%% in Burundi. The median time to first spousal violence after marriage in Western, Middle, Eastern, and Southern Africa was 2 years. Results from accelerated failure time models showed that age at marriage, educational attainment, and parental history of spousal violence were independently associated with early onset of spousal violence in all SSA subregions (West TR = 0.21, CI 0.19-0.24; Middle TR = 0.38, CI 0.34-0.43; East TR = 0.46, CI 0.44-0.49; South TR = 0.50, CI 0.46-0.54). Adolescents, youth, and older adults should be targeted for preventive and corrective interventions for spousal violence.Objectives. This study aimed to assess cognitive and skill performance at sitting and standing workstations among students from Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods. Forty students (20 females and 20 males) participated in this quasi-experimental study. Tests were performed among randomly selected participants over two consecutive days day 1, the Beck depression inventory and Beck anxiety inventory were used to assess the severity of depression and anxiety in the study participants, respectively, and Raven's general intelligence test was used to measure intelligence quotient; day 2, five performance assessment tests (cognitive performance assessment tests 'n-back', 'Stroop' and 'advanced reaction time'; skill performance assessment tests 'two-arm coordination' and 'Purdue pegboard') were randomly selected and presented to individuals at each workstation (sitting and standing workstations). At the end of each sitting and standing position, the comfort of the workstation was measured using a visual analog scale. Results. No statistically significant difference was shown between sitting and standing positions in terms of 'n-back', 'Stroop', 'advanced reaction time', 'two-arm coordination' and 'Purdue pegboard'. Participants were more comfortable in sitting positions and more easily distracted in standing positions. Conclusions. Sitting and standing positions had no significant effects on participants' cognitive and skill performance.The work investigates the relationship between the leg spread and hip joint flexibility during kicking action of highly skilled martial artists. Vector-based spreading angles (VSAs), as a simplified way to assess kick execution patterns and movement ranges, are proposed. The first VSA measures the angle between the two femur vectors (i.e., upper leg spread), whereas the second describes the full-leg spread. The proposed measures were applied to 3D motion analysis performed on 33 participants at various skill levels who executed double side kicks and performed two static flexibility tests (hip joint flexion and abduction). Statistical analysis showed that the proposed parameters differentiate between skill levels. Both VSAs and VSA rate of change showed high Pearson correlation to the quality of execution (the average of 10 subjective kickboxing experts' evaluation scores) at critical instants of the kick execution , i.e., during the first leg elevation and kick (angles ρ > 0.8; p less then 0.001). In addition, they significantly correlated to maximum static hip abduction at any instant (ρ = 0.