Pure acute onset chorea without encephalopathy has rarely been reported in anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO)/anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibody-related neurologic disorders responsive to steroids (ATANDS).
 
  We report a 16-year-old female who presented with acute chorea without encephalopathy. Anti-TPO antibodies were found to be strongly positive (>1200 IU/ml) along with anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibodies. After pulse intravenous methylprednisolone therapy (1 g/day for five consecutive days), all the movements seized, and she was discharged with oral prednisolone 30 mg/day with gradual tapering over next three months. After one year of follow-up, she is stable, drug-free, and never had any other problems.
 
  Anti-thyroid antibodies testing should be included in routine/conventional panel that is done for elucidating causes of chorea as ATANDS can be easily missed and is treatable with widely available, relatively low-cost drugs like steroids with a promising outcome.
 Anti-thyroid antibodies testing should be included in routine/conventional panel that is done for elucidating causes of chorea as ATANDS can be easily missed and is treatable with widely available, relatively low-cost drugs like steroids with a promising outcome.
  The centromedian (CM) region of the thalamus is a common target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment for Tourette Syndrome (TS). However, there are currently no standard microelectrode recording or macrostimulation methods to differentiate CM thalamus from other nearby structures and nuclei.
 
  Here we present a case of failed conventional stereotactic targeting in TS DBS. Postoperative local field potential recordings (LFPs) showed features including beta power desynchronization during voluntary movement and thalamo-cortical phase amplitude coupling at rest. These findings suggested that the DBS lead was suboptimally placed in the ventral intermediate (VIM) nucleus of the thalamus rather than the intended CM region. Due to a lack of clinical improvement in tic severity scales three months following the initial surgery, the patient underwent lead revision surgery. Slight repositioning of the DBS leads resulted in a remarkably different clinical outcome. Afterwards, LFPs revealed less beta desynchronizaf physiology to augment the atlas based targeting of Tourette DBS cases.
 This report demonstrates a case of failed centromedian nucleus region deep brain stimulation (DBS). We observed suboptimal tic improvement several months following DBS surgery and subsequent lead revision improved the outcome. The neurophysiology provided an important clue suggesting the possibility of suboptimally placed DBS leads. Repeat LFPs during lead revision revealed less beta desynchronization and disappearance of the thalamo-cortical phase amplitude coupling. There was improvement in tic outcome following slight repositioning during bilateral DBS lead revision. This case provides preliminary evidence supporting the use of physiology to augment the atlas based targeting of Tourette DBS cases.
  A 64-year-old man with essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) presented with medically refractory, large amplitude, debilitating rest and action tremor in his extremities.
 
  Ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM) deep brain stimulation (DBS) improves tremor in ET and PD but does not ameliorate bradykinesia and rigidity in PD.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/propionyl-l-carnitine-hydrochloride.html  The comparative efficacy of subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS in managing action ET tremor remains unclear.
 
  Bilateral STN was selected as the DBS target. Moderate improvement in rest tremor and mild improvement in action tremor were noted following initial programming.
 
  There are no head-to-head trials to guide DBS target selection in patients with both ET and PD. Current evidence is limited to a few small head-to-head trials that have demonstrated equivalent efficacy in tremor reduction in PD patients using VIM as DBS target and in ET patients using STN.
 
  Due to limited evidence, DBS treatment of complex cases, such as combined Parkinson's disease and essential tremor, remains based on expert consensus at each institution. Further multi-approach efforts, using imaging, electrophysiologic, and animal data, will be needed to answer the identified gap in knowledge.
 
  There is limited evidence to guide deep brain target selection in patients with essential tremor and Parkinson's disease. We review existing literature and propose strategies to manage tremor in these patients.
 There is limited evidence to guide deep brain target selection in patients with essential tremor and Parkinson's disease. We review existing literature and propose strategies to manage tremor in these patients.
  Psychosis is considered rare in Huntington's Disease, with an estimated prevalence of 3-11%. However, it has a profound impact on quality of life and disease burden. This study uses the Enroll-HD database to determine the prevalence, onset, and severity of psychosis in Huntington's Disease and to determine demographic and disease characteristics associated with psychosis.
 
  Data were obtained from Enroll-HD. Adults with manifest Huntington's Disease were included. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Simple logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio with 95% confidence interval for association with each characteristic.
 
  7,966 manifest Huntington's Disease participants were analyzed, and 12.95% had a history of psychosis. Mean age of psychosis onset (48.34 years, SD 13.26) mirrored Huntington's Disease onset. Family history of psychosis in a first degree relative was documented in 23.6% of participants with psychosis. Variables significantly (p < 0.05) associated with presence of psychosrove understanding and management of psychosis in HD.
  Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare prion disease characterized by rapidly progressive dementia.
 
  A 76-year-old woman exhibited pronounced signs and symptoms of dressing apraxia for about seven weeks before the disease progressed and probable CJD was diagnosed supported by imaging and CSF findings.
 
  Dressing apraxia as the initial manifestation of CJD has been sparsely reported. This remarkably focal syndrome should be considered with view on movement and neuropsychological disorders in early CJD.
 Dressing apraxia as the initial manifestation of CJD has been sparsely reported. This remarkably focal syndrome should be considered with view on movement and neuropsychological disorders in early CJD.