The landmark has been well-received in our region as a facile instrument for safe cholecystectomy and we advocate for its broader use.
 The two points of reference are reliable surface landmarks with predictable and consistent relationships to the biliary pedicles. It also serves as a line above which the gallbladder can be opened or mobilized in a 'top-around' approach, facilitating subtotal cholecystectomy when the hepatocystic triangle appears hostile due to inflammation. The landmark has been well-received in our region as a facile instrument for safe cholecystectomy and we advocate for its broader use.
  To explore associations of intracortical excitability with clinical characteristics in a large sample of subjects with phantom limb pain (PLP).
 
  Ancillary study using baseline and longitudinal data from a large multicenter randomized trial that investigated the effects of non-invasive brain stimulation combined with sensorimotor training on PLP.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sumatriptan.html  Multivariate regression modeling analyses were used to investigate the association of intracortical excitability, measured by percentages of intracortical inhibition (ICI) and facilitation (ICF) with clinical variables.
 
  Ninety-eight subjects were included. Phantom sensation of itching was positively associated with ICI changes and at baseline in the affected hemisphere (contralateral to PLP). However, in the non-affected hemisphere (ipsilateral to PLP), the phantom sensation of warmth and PLP intensity were negatively associated with ICI (both models). For the ICF, PLP intensity (baseline model only) and age (longitudinal model) were negatively associated, while and duration of amputation) and compensatory mechanisms (such as itching and phantom limb sensation) seem to be more important in explaining these variables.
  Patients' experience of psychological distress in the intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with adverse effects, reduced satisfaction, and delayed physical and psychological recovery. There are no specific guidelines for the assessment and management of acute psychological distress during hospitalisation in the ICU. We reviewed existing tools for the assessment of acute psychological distress in ICU patients, examined evidence on their metric properties, and identified potential gaps and methodological considerations.
 
  A scoping review based on literature searches (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Excerpta Medica Database, PsycINFO, Scopus, Health and Psychosocial Instruments, Dissertations and Theses Global, and Google Scholar) and predefined eligibility criteria was conducted as per current scoping review guidelines.
 
  Overall, 14 assessment tools were identified having been developed in diverse ICU settings. The identifss assessment methods as a means for promoting meaningful patient-centred clinical outcomes and humanising ICU care experiences.The aim of this study was to determine the hydraulic pressures necessary to separate and lift the sinus membrane from the sinus floor in order to ensure a more controlled and safer hydraulic transcrestal sinus lifting surgery and prevent sinus membrane perforation. A flow-regulating hydrodynamic device with a pressure sensor was used in nine patients. The hydraulic pressure was found to increase steadily up to a mean peak of 25.0±13.0kPa, which is comparable to the medium suction power of ordinary vacuum cleaners. Subsequently, there was a short plateau followed by a sharp decrease in the hydraulic pressure.Oligodontia demands multidisciplinary management due to its repercussions on dentofacial growth. To place implants to realize implant-borne fixed denture, preimplant surgery may be necessary if bone volumes are insufficient. Our aim was to assess bone increase following autogenic bone grafting and to discuss prosthetic options. Twenty patients followed for oligodontia, who underwent bone grafting, were treated from 2008 to 2019. Transversal and vertical bone levels were measured pre- and postoperatively to assess alveolar ridge augmentation. Mean horizontal grafting increase was 4.60 mm [standard deviation (SD) 0.79 mm], mean sinus lift increase was 9.95 mm (SD 2.35 mm). Mean implants placed per patient was 9, mean implants placed on grafted site was 5 per patient. Overall implant survival rate was 100%. All patients benefited from prosthetic procedures when it was planned to perform implant-borne fixed dentures. Within the framework of a complete treatment plan (involving paediatric dentistry, dentofacial orthopaedics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and prosthodontics), autologous bone grafting combined or not with orthognathic surgery is fully adapted to patients with oligodontia. It allows reconstruction of favourable bone volumes for placement of implants to realize implant-borne fixed dentures, with high implant survival rates and great improvements to quality of life.The relevance of monocyte and macrophage reservoirs in virally suppressed people with HIV (vsPWH) has previously been debatable. Macrophages were assumed to have a moderate life span and lack self-renewing potential. However, recent studies have challenged this dogma and now suggest an important role of these cell as long-lived HIV reservoirs. Lentiviruses have a long-documented association with macrophages and abundant evidence exists that macrophages are important target cells for HIV in vivo. A critical understanding of HIV infection, replication, and latency in macrophages is needed in order to determine the appropriate method of measuring and eliminating this cellular reservoir. This review provides a brief discussion of the biology and acute and chronic infection of monocytes and macrophages, with a more substantial focus on replication, latency and measurement of the reservoir in cells of myeloid origin.The aim of this study was to analyze the current situation of trainees in OMFS in a nationwide survey at German universities and teaching hospitals. A questionnaire about their training in OMFS and discrimination, gender (in-)equality, and reconcilability of work and family life was sent to many OMFS residents in Germany. Seventy-five questionnaires were included. The average age of the participants was 32.15 years (± 0.75 years); 47 participants were male, 22 female, and 3 "diverse". The participants' overall satisfaction rate was good. Training concepts existed in most of the teaching hospitals (54.67%). 8.11% of the participants stated discrimination existed against men while, 24.32% agreed that discrimination existed against women. Stating that discrimination against women exists, it was associated with female gender (p less then 0.001), being married (p = 0.042), and not aiming for further academic degrees (p = 0.009). Overall, the training situation in Germany seems structured in most teaching hospitals.