https://www.selleckchem.com/ 7% of pellets from resting sites (urban and landfill). Gulls from the most urbanized breeding location exhibited higher levels of ingested materials during the entire breeding cycle, however, gulls from a natural breeding site also ingested high levels of debris during the pre-breeding season. At resting sites, small seasonal differences were detected in the number and mass of debris items ingested, which were both higher during spring and summer. Gulls that typically fed on pelagic fish had significantly less sheet and fragment plastics in their pellets. The presence of certain debris categories in gull pellets was positively related to the presence of some prey items, suggesting that gulls may accidentally ingest debris while foraging at multiple habitats. The quantity of anthropogenic materials ingested by gulls from urban locations and landfills indicates a need for improved waste management.Although the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) has been metaphorized as China's "arrow" to the world as it generates nearly half of the nation's gross domestic product, the region has also suffered immense environmental degradation during its development process. This paper uses environmental data from 2003 to 2013 of the YREB's nine provinces and two municipalities and investigates environmental remediation efficiency for the region. Results illustrate that (1) the efficiency of the YREB is very low as over the study period, only three provinces had mean environmental remediation values that could be classified as "effective," leaving the remaining six provinces and two municipalities as "ineffective"; (2) environmental efficiencies of the studied provinces and municipalities became increasingly polarized; (3) from 2003 to 2013, environmental efficiencies in the region have deteriorated; (4) the principal reason for environmental remediation ineffectiveness was due to a combination of redundant resource investments, excessive pollutant discharg