https://www.selleckchem.com/products/lenalidomide-s1029.html The effect of duration of optotype presentation on visual acuity measures has been extensively studied under photopic conditions. However, systematic data on duration dependence of acuity values under mesopic and scotopic conditions is scarce, despite being highly relevant for many visual tasks including night driving, and for clinical diagnostic applications. The present study aims to address this void. We measured Landolt C acuity under photopic (90cd/m ), mesopic (0.7cd/m ), and scotopic (0.009cd/m ) conditions for several optotype presentation durations ranging from 0.1 to 10s using the Freiburg Acuity and Contrast Test. Two age groups were tested (young, 18-29years, and older, 61-74years). As expected, under all luminance conditions, better acuity values were found for longer presentation durations. Photopic acuity in young participants decreased by about 0.25 log units from 0.1 to 10s; mesopic vision mimicked the photopic visual behavior. Scotopic acuities depended more strongly on presentationopic vision, with considerable interindividual variability. The latter may reflect differences in aging and sub-clinical pathophysiological processes and might have consequences for visual performance during nocturnal activities such as driving at night. Acuity testing with briefly presented scotopic stimuli might increase the usefulness of acuity assessment for tracking of the health state of the visual system. Hormone receptor (HR) positive breast cancer has a high propensity for late recurrences that might be prevented with longer durations of endocrine therapy (ET). However, trials evaluating extended adjuvant ET have produced somewhat conflicting results. Additionally, ET is associated with not only day to day side effects that can impact quality of life, but more detrimental effects that can cause significant morbidity. Although patients with higher stage disease are at greater risk of late recurrences, e