This feature covers the whole spectral range, and it is a universal phenomenon of an electromagnetic wave. Notably, stabilized deep-ultraviolet random laser action has not been demonstrated in all previous studies, even though it has great academic interest and potential application in many areas from environmental protection to biomedical engineering.Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) is a well-studied RNA binding protein that serves as an important model for understanding molecular mechanisms underlying alternative splicing regulation. PTBP1 has four RNA binding domains (RBDs) connected via linker regions. Additionally, PTBP1 has an N-terminal unstructured region that contains nuclear import and export sequences. Each RBD can bind to pyrimidine rich elements with high affinity to mediate splicing activity. Studies support a variety of models for how PTBP1 can mediate splicing regulation on target exons. Obtaining a detailed atomic view hinges on determining a crystal structure of PTBP1 bound to a target RNA transcript. Here, we created a minimal functional PTBP1 with deletions in both linker 1 and linker 2 regions and assayed for activity on certain regulated exons, including the c-Src N1 exon. We show that for a subset of PTBP1-regulated exons the linker regions are not necessary for splicing repression activity. Gel mobility shift assays reveal the linker deletion mutant binds with 12-fold higher affinity to a target RNA sequence compared to wild-type PTBP1. A minimal PTBP1 that also contains an N-terminal region deletion binds to a target RNA with an affinity higher than that of wild-type PTBP1. Moreover, this minimal protein oligomerizes readily to form a distinct higher-order complex previously shown to be required for mediating splicing repression. This minimal functional PTBP1 protein can serve as a candidate for future structure studies to understand the mechanism of splicing repression for certain regulated exons.The grain aggregation engendered kinetics failure is regarded as the main reason for the electrochemical decay of nanosized anode materials. Herein, we proposed a dual immobilization strategy to suppress the migration and aggregation of SnO x nanoparticles and corresponding lithiation products through constructing SnO x /TiO2@PC composites. The N-doped carbon could anchor the tin oxide particles and inhibit their aggregation during the preparation process, leading to a uniform distribution of ultrafine SnO x nanoparticles in the matrix. Meanwhile, the incorporated TiO2 component works as parclose to suppress the migration and coarsening of SnO x and corresponding lithiation products.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Cediranib.html  In addition, the N-doped carbon and TiO2/Li x TiO2 can significantly improve the electrical and ionic conductivities of the composites, enabling a good diffusion and charge-transfer dynamics. Owing to the dual immobilization from the "synergistic effect" of N-doped carbon and the "parclose effect" of TiO2, the conversion reaction of SnO x remains fully reversible throughout the cycling. Thereby, the composites exhibit excellent cycling performance in half cells and can be fully utilized in full cells. This work may provide an inspiration for the rational design of tin-based anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.The abnormal expression of some miRNAs is often closely related to the development of tumors. Available detection methods or biosensors that can simultaneously quantify multiple miRNAs in a single sample have rarely been reported. Herein, a novel catalytic hairpin self-assembly (CHA)-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor array was developed to simultaneously measure multiple miRNAs associated with cancer in one sample. The sensor array with four different sensing units was constructed by immobilizing one of four different hairpin-structured DNA sequence 1 (hp1) onto one of four Au/Ag alloy nanoparticle (AuAgNP)-coated detection wells. When target miRNA is present, the SERS tags, which were prepared by modifying AuAgNPs with a Raman reporter molecule of 4-mercaptobenzonitrile (MPBN) and the related hairpin-structured DNA sequence 2 (hp2), were captured onto the corresponding sensor unit through a repeated specific CHA reaction. This generated many "hot spots" because of interactions between the SERS tags and the AuAgNP layer-coated surface of the sensor, which ultimately produced a strong SERS signal that allowed the detection of target miRNAs with the detection limit of 0.15 pM. Using this SERS sensor array, multiple cancer-associated miRNAs (miR-1246, miR-221, miR-133a, and miR-21) were successfully determined in buffer, serum, and cellular RNA extracts.Formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) exhibits the smallest band gap among lead halide perovskites, which is more desirable for solar cell applications compared to methylammonium-based counterparts. However, it remains a big challenge to prepare phase-pure α-FAPbI3 in addition to controlling the crystal morphology during film formation. Herein, we developed a temperature-assisted crystal growth to prepare high-quality thin films of α-FAPbI3 by sequential blade coating. It is found that depositing organic cation FAI at elevated temperatures facilitates the growth of α-FAPbI3, which otherwise yields mainly a yellow δ-phase at room temperature. In parallel, the crystal morphology of the perovskite films can be effectively manipulated by taking advantage of the porous structure of PbI2. Solar cells prepared with the blade-coated α-FAPbI3 yield a champion efficiency of 18.41%, which is among the highest values for FAPbI3-only solar devices. These results suggest that two-step sequential blade deposition offers a viable approach to fabricate high-quality α-FAPbI3 films for optoelectronic applications.Understanding polysulfide electrochemistry is critical for mitigation of the polysulfide shuttle effect in Li-S batteries. However, in situ imaging polysulfides evolution in Li-S batteries has not been possible. Herein, we constructed a hollow carbon nanotubule (CNT) wet electrochemical cell that permits real-time imaging of polysulfide evolutions in Li-S batteries in a Cs-corrected environmental transmission electron microscope. Upon discharge, sulfur was electrochemically reduced to long-chain polysulfides, which dissolved into the electrolyte instantly and were stabilized by Py14+ cations solvation. Metastable polysulfides prove to be problematic for Li-S batteries, therefore, destabilizing the Py14+-solvated polysulfides by adding low polarized solvents into the electrolyte to weaken the interaction between Py14+ cation and long-chain polysulfides renders a rapid polysulfides-to-Li2S transition, thus efficiently mitigating polysulfide formation and improving the performance of Li-S batteries dramatically.