https://www.selleckchem.com/products/OSI-906.html 6%±0.5%, 20E), which is not recommended. Electron SS deviation uncertainties (k=1), otherwise, varied from <0.2% overall to <0.1% with large apertures. Photon uncertainties varied from <1.1% overall to <0.2% non-superficially with large apertures. The simplified straight-step method exhibited overall greater deviation from SS, most notably -2.8%±0.1% (6E) and -2.5%±0.4% (20E) superficially with 90°±45°, and -1.4%±0.3% (6X) and -0.6%±0.2% (15X) non-superficially with 90°±5° for ESTEPE∈[0.10,0.25]. We demonstrate step-size independence of newly-implemented correction in EGSnrc directional Cherenkov calculations. This advances clinical CE-based dosimetry and is useful for the general Monte Carlo community. We demonstrate step-size independence of newly-implemented correction in EGSnrc directional Cherenkov calculations. This advances clinical CE-based dosimetry and is useful for the general Monte Carlo community. There is limited data on clinical outcomes in high risk groups such as patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with atrial fibrillation (AF) on direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Using a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies, we aimed to determine the risk of stroke and other clinical outcomes in patients with AF on DOACs, with or without DM. Observational cohort studies reporting clinical outcomes in patients with AF on DOACs, with or without DM were identified from MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and search of bibliographies to April 2020. Summary measures of effect were relative risks with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Eight studies comprising of 4 observational cohorts (n=76,260 participants) and 4 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (n=71,683 participants) were included. In RCTs, DOACs compared with warfarin reduced the risk of the composite outcome of stroke and systemic embolism, CVD death and intracranial bleeding in patients with DM RRs (95% CIs) of 0.75