Training diverse house staff, including those who are underrepresented in medicine, is vital to provide high-quality patient care for the communities that we serve. In 2018, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education announced new common program requirements for systematic efforts to recruit and retain a diverse workforce. However, questions remain about how to implement such efforts.
 
  Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) data from eight residency programs spanning two recruitment cycles (2017-2018, 2018-2019) was reviewed. The number of candidates at each stage in the process (applicant, invited to interview, interviewed, and matched) was examined by self-identified race or ethnicity. These data were presented to residency program directors at our Graduate Medical Education committee meeting before the next recruitment cycle. Data were analyzed following the 2019-20 residency match. Odds ratios and Pearson's chi-squared test were used to assess statistical significance.
 
  A total vide insight into the resident selection process and may be a useful tool to improve house staff diversity.
  With an aging population, the number of patients on antiplatelet medications and traumatic brain injury (TBI) is increasing. Our study aimed to evaluate the role of platelet transfusion on outcomes after traumatic intracranial bleeding (IB) in these patients.
 
  We analyzed our prospectively maintained TBI database from 2014 to 2016. We included all isolated TBI patients with an IB, who were on preinjury antiplatelet agents and excluded patients taking anticoagulants. Outcome measures included the progression of IB, neurosurgical intervention, and mortality. Regression analysis was performed.
 
  A total of 343 patients met the inclusion criteria. Mean age was 58±11 y, 58% were men, and median injury severity score was 15 (10-24). Distribution of antiplatelet agents was as follows aspirin (60%) and clopidogrel (35%). Overall, 74% patients received platelet transfusion after admission with a median number of two platelet units. After controlling for confounders, patients who received one unit of pooled platelets had no difference in progression of IB (odds ratio [OR] 0.98, [0.6-1.9], P=0.41), need for neurosurgical intervention (OR 1.09, [0.7-2.5], P=0.53), and mortality (OR 0.84, [0.6-1.8], P=0.51). However, patients who received two units of pooled platelets had lower rate of progression of IB (OR 0.69, [0.4-0.8], P=0.02), the need for neurosurgical intervention (OR 0.81, [0.3-0.9], P=0.03), and mortality (OR 0.84, [0.5-0.9], P=0.04). Both groups were compared with those who did not receive platelet transfusion.
 
  The use of two units of platelet may decrease the risk of IB progression, neurosurgical intervention, and mortality in patients on preinjury antiplatelet agents and TBI. Further studies should focus on developing protocols for platelet transfusion to improve outcomes in these patients.
 
  Level III prognostic.
 Level III prognostic.
  The purpose of this study was to identify the pattern of injuries that relates to abuse and neglect in children with burn injuries.
 
  The Nationwide Readmissions Database for 2010-2014 was queried for all patients aged less than 18 y admitted with burn injuries. The primary outcome was child maltreatment identified at the index admission. The secondary outcome was readmission for maltreatment. A subgroup analysis was performed on patients without a diagnosis of maltreatment during the index admission. Multivariable logistic regression was performed for each outcome.
 
  There were 57,939 admissions identified and 1960 (3.4%) involved maltreatment at the index admission. Maltreatment was associated with total body surface area burned >20% (odds ratio (OR) 2.79, P<0.001) and burn of the lower limbs (OR 1.37, P<0.001). Readmission for maltreatment was found in 120 (0.2%), and the strongest risk factor was maltreatment identified at the index admission (OR 5.11, P<0.001). After excluding the patients with maltreatment identified at the index admission, 96 (0.17%) children were found to have a readmission for maltreatment that may have been present on the index admission and subsequently missed. The strongest risk factor was burn of the eye or ocular adnexa (OR 3.79, P=0.001).
 
  This study demonstrates that a portion of admissions for burn injuries in children could involve maltreatment that was undiagnosed. Identifying these at-risk individuals is critical to prevention efforts.
 This study demonstrates that a portion of admissions for burn injuries in children could involve maltreatment that was undiagnosed. Identifying these at-risk individuals is critical to prevention efforts.Many Gram-negative enteric pathogens, including enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EPEC and EHEC), Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia species have evolved strategies to combat host defence mechanisms. Critical bacterial virulence factors, which often include but are not limited to type III secreted effector proteins, are deployed to cooperatively interfere with key host defence pathways. Recent studies in this area have not only contributed to our knowledge of bacterial pathogenesis, but have also shed light on the host pathways that are critical for controlling bacterial infection. In this review, we summarise recent breakthroughs in our understanding of the mechanisms utilised by enteric bacterial pathogens to rewire critical host innate immune responses, including cell death and inflammatory signaling and cell-intrinsic anti-microbial responses such as xenophagy.Domestic cats are frequently used as a research model for felid species that are threatened with extinction. Until now, the development of feline embryos has been evaluated using both classical observation methods and time-lapse monitoring (TLM). Blastocyst collapse observed using time-lapse cinematography is used as a predictor of blastocyst quality and is closely related to implantation potential.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/lenalidomide-s1029.html  The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the quality of domestic cat blastocysts obtained after in vitro fertilization and the frequency and duration of collapse, and of hatching. There was a significant difference in the average number of collapses and weak contractions between good and poor quality blastocysts. There was no significant difference between hatching and non-hatching blastocysts in terms of blastocyst cavity formation time or average number and duration of collapse. These results showed that the time of cavity formation was not related to blastocyst quality. The number of collapses and the occurrence of hatching were positively related to blastocyst quality, and poor quality blastocysts have, as a consequence, a reduced potential for implantation.