ct, connect, model& teach), and timely intervention in the form of proper diagnosis and specific treatment and rehabilitation are needed. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common sleep-disordered breathing characterized by repeated cessation or reduction in airflow during sleep. OSA occurs in both obese and nonobese individual. This study was designed to compare the clinical and polysomnographic data between obese and nonobese patients with OSA. This was a retrospective study that included all the patients diagnosed as between November 2013 and December 2014. The patients were classified into nonobese ( = 23) and obese ( = 72) groups if their body mass index (BMI) was <27.5 and ≥27.5, respectively. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 20.0 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois). A value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. There were 95 patients of OSA, of which 23 (44.4%) were nonobese and 72 (75.78%) were obese with a mean BMI of 24.37 ± 3.09 and 34.27 ± 8.34 kg/m , respectively. Characteristics, such as male predominance, higher BMI, neck ci not restricted to only obese individual; rather it also occurs in nonobese. The severity of OSA in nonobese has generally less as compared with obese and its early identification required high index of suspicion. Integrated disease surveillance programme (IDSP) maintains laboratory-based disease surveillance system for epidemic prone diseases in our country. This study was undertaken to analyze the epidemiological profile and seasonal variations of various communicable diseases reported to IDSP over a 5-year period from 2014 to 2018 from our institute. All laboratory confirmed communicable diseases reported under IDSP over a 5-year period were analyzed for their distribution with respect to epidemiological variables, geographical distribution, and seasonal variation. Data was entered in MS excel sheet and the results expressed as percentages. A total of 3,602 communicable diseases were reported under IDSP during the time period from January 2014 to December 2018. Dengue continues to be the most common reported disease over the years followed by Scrub typhus which had an outbreak in 2018. Furthermore, adult males in the productive age group of 21-30 years are commonly affected by almost all communicable diseases. Seasonal variation was noted in communicable diseases with highest number of cases in the rainy season of October to December in Puducherry as well as a peak in January and June. The pattern of communicable diseases that have been diagnosed and reported will prove to be useful in planning appropriate preventive and containment measures in the near future as well as in creating awareness in the community. The pattern of communicable diseases that have been diagnosed and reported will prove to be useful in planning appropriate preventive and containment measures in the near future as well as in creating awareness in the community. To evaluate the pattern of dyslipidaemia, risk factors, and comorbidities in young Indian adults with dyslipidaemia. A retrospective, multi-centric real-world study included individuals with dyslipidaemia, aged 18 - 45 years, attending to 623 hospitals/clinics across India. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ugt8-in-1.html Data were collected retrospectively from medical records to note demographics, risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, family history of dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension), and clinical details (height, weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C)).A descriptive analysis and comparative analysis (Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test) were done. Of the total 8135 patients, the majority were men (65.0%). Overall, 87.1% of population had one or multiple comorbidities which included the presence of dyslipidaemia alonL-C, and atherogenic dyslipidaemia were prevalent in the young Indian cohort and sedentary lifestyle, and HbA1c ≥ 6.5% were the predominant risk factors of dyslipidaemia. Pediatricians are the custodians of the overall health of children and are the ideal healthcare personnel to impart information and instruction about oral health care. The aim of this survey was to evaluate awareness of pediatricians regarding oral health care and prevention of oral diseases in children. The study participants consist of 102 young pediatricians working as Junior and Senior Residents. A questionnaire was formulated to evaluate their knowledge about oral diseases and their prevention. The questionnaire also tested the attitude and practices of pediatricians towards oral health of children with special health care needs. Majority of the pediatricians had correct knowledge about dental caries (60%), bottle feeding (88.2%), tongue cleaning (83.3%) and medication causing gum enlargement (92.2%). Few had correct knowledge about recommended age to start tooth brushing (35.3%) and maximum recommended sugar exposures per day (35.3%). Although, majority (62.7%) had correct knowledge about fluoride and its role caries prevention, very few (2.9%) knew about recommended fluoride concentration in toothpaste for children. There was a lack of knowledge amongst pediatrician about oral health care, prevention, and appropriate referral. The study result necessitates the emphasis of improving oral health related knowledge among pediatrician. There was a lack of knowledge amongst pediatrician about oral health care, prevention, and appropriate referral. The study result necessitates the emphasis of improving oral health related knowledge among pediatrician. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are major problems in India and many other developing and developed countries. As India is committed to provide universal health care for the population, there is a need to find out the prevalence and determinants of CVD risk among high-risk individuals (Diabetes and Hypertensive patients) in the remote rural area of India to deliver appropriate services, as they are considered as neglected population. We screened high-risk individuals (Hypertension and Diabetes patients) for CVD risk using WHO/ISH chart, in a remote rural area of south India, covering ten villages surrounding the Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC), in August-September 2017. After line-listing the participants from the electronic database of RHTC, screening with questionnaire and biochemical tests was done at village level as the first step. Thereafter, the participants were invited to the hospital on a particular day where electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography (ECHO) were done with special consultation.