https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gdc-0068.html Genomic epidemiology studies of gonorrhea in the United States have primarily focused on national surveillance for antibiotic resistance, and patterns of local transmission between demographic groups of resistant and susceptible strains are unknown. We analyzed a convenience sample of genome sequences, antibiotic susceptibility, and patient data from 897 gonococcal isolates cultured at the NYC Public Health Laboratory from NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) Sexual Health Clinic (SHC) patients, primarily in 2012-13. We reconstructed the gonococcal phylogeny, defined transmission clusters using a 10 non-recombinant single nucleotide polymorphism threshold, tested for clustering of demographic groups, and placed NYC isolates in a global phylogenetic context. The NYC gonococcal phylogeny reflected global diversity with isolates from 22/23 of the prevalent global lineages (96%). Isolates clustered on the phylogeny by patient sexual behavior (p&0.001) and race/ethnicity (p&0.001). Mintransmission. Unwanted weight gain affects some people living with HIV who are prescribed integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI). Mechanisms and risk factors are incompletely understood. We utilized two cohorts to study pharmacogenetics of weight gain following switch from efavirenz- to INSTI-based regimens. In an observational cohort, we studied weight gain at 48 weeks following switch from efavirenz- to INSTI-based regimens among patients who had been virologically suppressed for at least 2 years at a clinic in the United States. Associations were characterized with CYP2B6 and UGT1A1 genotypes that affect efavirenz and INSTI metabolism, respectively. In a clinical trials cohort, we studied weight gain at 48 weeks among treatment-naïve participants who were randomized to receive efavirenz-containing regimens in AIDS Clinical Trials Group studies A5095, A5142 and A5202 and did not receive INSTIs. In the observational co