https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gdc-0068.html strategies and further local in-depth studies are recommended to establish actual epidemiological burden of the bacteria in the country. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)-a fatal X-linked genetic disorder. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging is the current gold standard for detecting myocardial tissue remodeling, but it is often a late finding. Current research aims to investigate cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) biomarkers, including native (pre-contrast) T and extracellular volume (ECV) to evaluate the early on-set of microstructural remodeling and to grade disease severity. To date, native T measurements in DMD have been reported predominantly at 1.5T. This study uses 3T CMR (1) to characterize global and regional myocardial pre-contrast T differences between healthy controls and LGE + and LGE- boys with DMD; and (2) to report global and regional myocardial post-contrast T values and myocardial ECV estimates in boys with DMD, and (3) to identify left ventricular (LV) T -mapping biomarkers capable of distinguishing between healthy controls and boys hed controls, even in the absence of LGE. Post-contrast T and ECV estimates from 3T CMR are also reported here for pediatric patients with DMD for the first time and can distinguish between LGE + from LGE- boys. In all classification tasks, T -mapping biomarkers outperform a conventional biomarker, LVEF. Boys with DMD exhibit elevated native T1 compared to healthy, sex- and age-matched controls, even in the absence of LGE. Post-contrast T1 and ECV estimates from 3T CMR are also reported here for pediatric patients with DMD for the first time and can distinguish between LGE + from LGE- boys. In all classification tasks, T1-mapping biomarkers outperform a conventional biomarker, LVEF. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) regulates cholesterol metabolism by targeting the low