Temperature is a key environmental factor restricting seed germination. Rose (Rosa canina L.) seeds are characterized by physical/physiological dormancy, which is broken during warm, followed by cold stratification. Exposing pretreated seeds to 20 °C resulted in the induction of secondary dormancy. The aim of this study was to identify and functionally characterize the proteins associated with dormancy control of rose seeds. Proteins from primary dormant, after warm and cold stratification (nondormant), and secondary dormant seeds were analyzed using 2-D electrophoresis. Proteins that varied in abundance were identified by mass spectrometry. Results showed that cold stratifications affected the variability of the highest number of spots, and there were more common spots with secondary dormancy than with warm stratification. The increase of mitochondrial proteins and actin during dormancy breaking suggests changes in cell functioning and seed preparation to germination. Secondary dormant seeds were characterized by low levels of legumin, metabolic enzymes, and actin, suggesting the consumption of storage materials, a decrease in metabolic activity, and cell elongation. Breaking the dormancy of rose seeds increased the abundance of cellular and metabolic proteins that promote germination. Induction of secondary dormancy caused a decrease in these proteins and germination arrest.This study investigates the flexural behavior of normal-strength concrete (NSC) beams that were strengthened with no-slump, high-strength, high-ductility concrete (NSHSDC). A set of slant shear tests was performed to investigate the initial performance of the NSC substrate strengthened with NSHSDC. Slant shear tests considered two types of roughness of interface and five angles of the interface between NSC and NSHSDC. The test results showed that except for specimens with a 75° interface angle, the specimens with high roughness were conformed to the properties (14-21 MPa for 28 days) of the ACI Committee 546 recommendation. For flexural strength tests, NSC beams strengthened with an NSHSDC jacket on the top and bottom sides, three sides, and four sides resulted in strength increments of about 8%, 29%, and 40%, respectively, compared to the beams without NSHSDC jacket. Therefore, the use of NSHSDC is an effective method to improve the performance of NSC beams and is recommended for strengthening reinforced concrete members.In this paper, we hypothesized that the gap between estimated cardiovascular age (eCV-age) and chronological age had a gender-wise correlation with the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI). We tested the hypothesis in adults aged 20-64 years old using the KNHANES 2013-2017 data. eCV-age was estimated based on the designated risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and age-gap was calculated by subtracting the eCV-age from the chronological age in 12,317 adults. Adjusted odds ratios for the age-gap were measured according to KHEI, while controlling for covariates to influence risk factors of CVD, using logistic regression analysis with the complex sample survey design. Age-gaps were divided into four groups >4 (High), 0-4 (Moderate), -4-0 (Mild), and less then -4 years (Low). The higher the age-gap, the lower the cardiovascular risk. Persons included in the following categories belonged to the high and moderate age-gap groups young ( less then 40 years), women, urban living, better than high school education, higher income, lean, mild drinking, and exercising regularly. KHEI scores were overall higher in women than men (p less then 0.01). Having breakfast and saturated fat intake were primary factors that influenced the age-gap for men, whereas fresh fruit intake and carbohydrate intake influenced the age-gap in women. The KHEI scores positively correlated with nutrient intake, especially fiber and vitamin C intake in women (p less then 0.05). Participants with high KHEI scores increased their chances of belonging to the high age-gap group by 2.16 times for men and 2.10 for women after adjusting for covariates of sex, age, and residence. However, after adding the covariates of education, income, marriage, and obesity, in conjunction with smoking, alcohol, and regular exercise, this reduced to 1.34 times in women. In conclusion, both genders had a positive correlation between age-gap and overall KHEI scores.[...].In this paper, in order to improve the performance of the ZL205A castings, continuous ultrasonic and pulsed ultrasonic treatments were applied to the melted alloy to study the effect of ultrasound propagation distance on microstructure and microhardness. The results indicated that ZL205A grains were significantly refined by ultrasonic vibration, but the refinement effect became weak gradually with the increase of sampling depth. The minimum grain sizes were 103.2 μm and 122.5 μm respectively in continuous and pulsed ultrasonic treatment. Grain boundary segregation also became more serious and coarser with the increase of vertical depth. In addition, microhardness and vertical depth are not positively correlated linearly. As the vertical depth increased, microhardness first decreased and then increased, the maximum hardnesses were 73.9 HV and 72.84 HV, respectively, in the two process modes. According to the experiment results and available studies, the mechanism of ultrasonic treatment maybe that the cooling rate of solidification interface front increased by cavitation and streaming, thus changing the solute redistribution behavior of the ZL205A melt.The mortality rate of very preterm infants with birth weight less then 1500 g is as high as 15%. The survivors till discharge have a high incidence of significant morbidity, which includes necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS). More than 25% of preterm births are associated with microbial invasion of amniotic cavity.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bromoenol-lactone.html  The preterm gut microbiome subsequently undergoes an early disruption before achieving bacterial maturation. It is postulated that bacterial gut colonisation at birth and postnatal intestinal dysbacteriosis precede the development of NEC and LONS in very preterm infants. In fact, bacterial colonization patterns in preterm infants greatly differ from term infants due to maternal chorioamnionitis, gestational age, delivery method, feeding type, antibiotic exposure and the environment factor in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). In this regard, this review provides an overview on the gut bacteria in preterm neonates' meconium and stool.