4%, still there was a further reduction of fluoroscopy contribution of 8.2%. This also led to a reduction of the skin entry dose from 1038 mGy (690-1589) in group 2 to 359 mGy (204-591; p < 0.001) in group 3. This was achieved both in normal weight and obese patients, and both in antegrade and retrograde procedures.
 
  The present study demonstrates that by modifying both the fluoroscopic and cineangiographic contribution to radiation exposure a drastic reduction of radiation risk can be achieved, even in obese patients. Currently accepted radiation thresholds may no longer be a limit for CTO PCI.
 The present study demonstrates that by modifying both the fluoroscopic and cineangiographic contribution to radiation exposure a drastic reduction of radiation risk can be achieved, even in obese patients. Currently accepted radiation thresholds may no longer be a limit for CTO PCI.All studies show that the primary reason for women to consider elective egg freezing (EEF) is the lack of a partner. The first question then is where this shortage comes from and how it can be remedied. The main cause of the 'lack of partner' issue for highly educated women (the group most involved in elective egg freezing) is the reversed gender gap in education. It is concluded that EEF may increase individual reproductive autonomy but does not increase reproductive freedom for the group of highly educated women.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Zileuton.html  Regardless of how many women freeze their eggs, a large number of educated women will eventually have to choose between going it alone as a single mother or looking for another life goal. Finally, some possible policy measures are proposed to reduce the gender gap and thus remove the real cause of the problem.
  How do anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations in women with and without arthritis compare? Is there an association between AMH and arthritis drug regimen?
 
  In this prospective cohort study, AMH was measured at two time points (T
  and T
  ) in 129 premenopausal women with arthritis. AMH at T
  was compared with that from a bank of serum samples from 198 premenopausal women without arthritis. Primary outcomes were (i) diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) (AMH <1.1ng/ml) and (ii) annual rate of AMH decrease. Univariate, multivariable and Firth logistic regression identified variables associated with annual AMH decrease in excess of the 75th percentile.
 
  Median time between T
  and T
  was 1.72 years. At time T
  , median age-adjusted AMH in women with arthritis was significantly lower than that of women without arthritis (median 2.21ng/ml versus 2.78ng/ml; P=0.009). Women with arthritis at highest risk for DOR had a history of tubal sterilization or were over the age of 35. Those with highest odds of having an annual AMH decrease in excess of the 75th percentile (over 28% decrease per year) were those over the age of 35 or who sought care for infertility. Women with arthritis taking methotrexate alone (OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01-0.67) or methotrexate plus tumour necrosis factor-alpha antagonists (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.02-0.89) were less likely to be in the highest quartile of annual AMH decrease than women with arthritis not taking medication.
 
  Women with arthritis had lower AMH than healthy controls. Long-term methotrexate use was not associated with an annual AMH decrease.
 Women with arthritis had lower AMH than healthy controls. Long-term methotrexate use was not associated with an annual AMH decrease.
  Do women of racial minorities aged 40 years or older have similar reproductive and obstetric outcomes as white women undergoing IVF?
 
  A retrospective cohort study conducted at a single academic university-affiliated centre. The study population included women aged 40 years or older undergoing their first IVF cycle with fresh cleavage-stage embryo transfer stratified by racial minority status minority (black or Asian) versus white. Clinical intrauterine pregnancy and live birth rate were the primary outcomes. Preterm delivery (<37 weeks) and small for gestational age were the secondary outcomes. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
 
  A total of 2050 cycles in women over the age of 40 years were analysed, 561 (27.4%) of which were undertaken by minority women and 1489 (72.6%) by white women. Minority women were 30% less likely to achieve a pregnancy compared with their white (non-Hispanic) counterparts (adjusted OR 0.68, CI 0.54 to 0.87). Once pregnant, however, the odds of live birth were similar (adjusted OR 1.23, CI 0.91 to 1.67). Minority women were significantly more likely to have lower gestational ages at time of delivery (38.5 versus 39.2 weeks, P = 0.009) and were more likely to have extreme preterm birth delivery 24-28 weeks (5.5 versus 1.0%, P = 0.021).
 
  Minority women of advanced reproductive age are less likely to achieve a pregnancy compared with white (non-Hispanic) women. Once pregnancy is achieved, however, live birth rates are similar albeit with minority women experiencing higher rates of preterm delivery.
 Minority women of advanced reproductive age are less likely to achieve a pregnancy compared with white (non-Hispanic) women. Once pregnancy is achieved, however, live birth rates are similar albeit with minority women experiencing higher rates of preterm delivery.
  Is the reproductive outcome similar after gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) trigger followed by luteal human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) boluses compared with HCG trigger and a standard luteal phase support (LPS)?
 
  Two open-label pilot randomized controlled trials (RCT) with 250 patients from 2014 to 2019, with a primary outcome of ongoing pregnancy per embryo transfer. Patients with ≤13 follicles on the trigger day were randomized (RCT 1) to Group A (n = 65) GnRHa trigger followed by a bolus of 1500IU HCG s.c. on the oocyte retrieval day (ORD) and 1000IU HCG s.c. 4 days later, and no vaginal LPS; or Group B (n = 65) 6500IU HCG trigger, followed by a standard vaginal progesterone LPS. Patients with 14-25 follicles on the trigger day were randomized (RCT 2) to Group C (n = 60) GnRHa trigger followed by 1000IU HCG s.c. on ORD and 500IU HCG s.c. 4 days later, and no vaginal LPS; or Group D (n = 60) 6500IU HCG trigger and a standard vaginal LPS.
 
  In RCT 1, the ongoing pregnancy rate was 44% (22/50) in the GnRHa group versus 46% (25/54) in the HCG trigger group (RR 0.