Surgeons should be cognizant of this potential complication when evaluating patients at long-term follow-up with new-onset pain.Iatrogenic digital ischemia following inadvertent intra-arterial injections is well documented. Most of the culprit drugs are used for sedation or in general anesthesia. Proper understanding of the causative factors and pathophysiology is of utmost importance for adequate treatment. There have been conflicting evidences in the numerous studies and theories proposed regarding pathophysiology. We scoped the available literature to find out the cause of digital ischemia in one of the patients presented to us but could not find a convincing answer. Due to incomplete understanding of the pathophysiology, there is no specific treatment protocol. Most important is vigilance regarding risk factors, knowledge of typical medications, immediate recognition of the situation, assessment of the disease progression, anticoagulation, symptomatic treatment, and specific therapy (which varies from case to case) are mainstay of treatment. Further research is warranted to understand the etiopathogenesis so that proper treatment protocol could be established.
  Triceps tendon rupture is a rare injury accounting for <1% of all tendon injuries with varying repair techniques described. We present this novel repair to supplement available literature and help optimize the clinical outcomes for affected patients. We report this technique because it is unique in that we augmented our surgical fixation with a subtle variation in the described technique by repairing the deep portion of the triceps tendon as a separate step, maximizing the recreation of the anatomic footprint of the triceps.
 
  The patient is a 70-year-old Caucasian male presenting with pain, swelling, and ecchymosis around the elbow after the episode of injury.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/a-438079-hcl.html  He also complained of a painful popping sensation whenever he ranged the elbow and an inability to extend, with pain and weakness any time he attempted elbow extension. Radiographs reviewed at his initial visit revealed a small osseous fragment approximately 5 cm proximal to the olecranon tip. Subsequent MR imaging confirmed our suspicion, showingniques and suture design to maximize the patient outcome and minimize complications. The patient went on to have a very satisfactory functional recovery. We hope that this case report will complement the evidence-based care of these patients by orthopedic surgeons and lead to the best results possible.
  Patellar involvement by osteoid osteoma is very rare. Osteoid osteomas that present as anterior knee pain are frequently misdiagnosed which leads to initial delay in treatment. Plain radiology has poor diagnostic yield. A combination of high index of suspicion, appropriate imaging, and complete ablation of the lesion is necessary to achieve good outcomes.
 
  A 16-year-old male presented with insidious onset anterior knee pain for the past 2 years. The pain was intermittent and mild; however, it increased progressively in intensity and frequency, which was worse at night. Examination reveals minimal effusion in the suprapatellar pouch, full range of motion of the knee, and wasting of the quadriceps. Serum biochemistry parameters were in normal limits. Plain radiographs did not reveal any significant abnormality. On magnetic resonance imaging, a hypointense, punctate lesion surrounded by a small hyperintense zone was noted at medial aspect of patella. A computed tomography scan showed the lesion with a central nidus, surrounded by a sclerotic rim, confirming the diagnosis of osteoid osteoma. Radiofrequency ablation was carried out without any post-procedural complications. The patient was pain free a few days after the procedure. At 14-month follow-up, there was no recurrence of symptoms.
 
  Osteoid osteomas that present as anterior knee pain are frequently misdiagnosed. Plain radiology has poor diagnostic yield. A combination of high index of suspicion, appropriate imaging, and complete ablation of the lesion is necessary to achieve good outcomes.
 Osteoid osteomas that present as anterior knee pain are frequently misdiagnosed. Plain radiology has poor diagnostic yield. A combination of high index of suspicion, appropriate imaging, and complete ablation of the lesion is necessary to achieve good outcomes.
  Complications of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in four-part proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) include non-union, malunion, avascular necrosis of humeral head, and glenoid defect due to implant failure. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is a salvage procedure for cases of failed fixation. In cases with significant abnormal glenoid anatomy, custom-made patient-specific 3D printed jigs play a major role in pre-operative planning and accurate positioning of the glenoid component, thereby improving the final outcome. We report a case of salvage reverse shoulder arthroplasty done using the patient-specific custom-made 3D printed jig.
 
  A 58-year-old female sustained bilateral PHF due to electrocution and was treated with bilateral ORIF in single stage in February 2018.At 4 months from the time of surgery, the fracture on the left side had united, but there was non-union on the right side with screw penetration eroding the glenoid. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty was planned as a salvage procedure. Iase of small glenoid and glenoid bone defects. 3D bone models are useful in implant selection also.
 Reverse shoulder arthroplasty can be considered as a salvage procedure for failed fixation of PHF with predictable outcomes. Custom-made patient-specific 3D printed jigs in reverse shoulder arthroplasty are useful in assessing the position and direction of central peg in case of small glenoid and glenoid bone defects. 3D bone models are useful in implant selection also.
  Patient-specific guides are used in the correction of malunion sequelae in adult distal radius fractures. They allow a tridimensional correction of radial glenoid orientation. However, lengthening is small in those indications. Distal radius epiphysiodesis correction is much rarer and patient-specific guide after three-dimensional (3D) planning has never been reported for this indication in the literature.
 
  We report the case of a 16-year-old teenager with a chronic painful wrist and an ulnar positive variance after a post-traumatic epiphysiodesis sequela of the radius. The radius was 11mm shorter than the ulna. An anatomic reconstruction was decided with a lengthening of the radius. Pre-operative planning and patient-specific guide allowed to control an important radial lengthening, to limit the morbidity of the iliac crest bone graft harvesting, to shape the graft precisely, and to maintain a correct radial glenoid orientation despite the important soft tissue tension. Clinical and radiological results at 6 months showed a complete disappearance of pain, optimal objective and subjective functional scores, and an improvement in the distal ulnar variance (7mm).