The mean completion time of the survey was 630±337.
 
  The online version of the HNMQ-E has been found to be reliable and practical. Future studies on the properties of the HNMQ-E should investigate more general working populations.
 The online version of the HNMQ-E has been found to be reliable and practical. Future studies on the properties of the HNMQ-E should investigate more general working populations.
  1) To investigate the effects of a brief pain neuroscience education (PNE) lecture on multi-disciplinary healthcare students' knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards people with pain post intervention and at 6-months follow-up, 2) To explore students' perceptions of PNE.
 
  Mixed-methods randomized controlled trial.
 
  UK university.
 
  Thirty-seven students (30♀, mean age 30 years) from six healthcare disciplines.
 
  70-min PNE lecture (intervention group) or a 70-min control education.
 
  1) Knowledge The Revised Pain Neurophysiology Quiz (RPNQ); 2) Attitudes Health Care Providers' Pain and Impairment Relationship Scale (HC-PAIRS); 3) Behaviours A case vignette to assess clinical recommendations; and 4) Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews (n=12).
 
  The intervention group increased knowledge compared to the control, post-intervention [mean difference 3.7 (95% CI, 2.4, 5.0), P<0.001] but not at 6-months (0.1 (-1.1, 1.3), P=0.860). Greater improvements in attitudes for the intervention group wempathy, and confidence to recommend activity. The effect of PNE on clinical behaviours was unclear.
  Although alterations in posture, flexibility, and motion control of the lumbar spine are associated with low back pain, the underlying interplay between genetic and environmental influences on these traits remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the extent to which genetics and the environment influence lumbar lordosis, flexibility, and motion control.
 
  The present cross-sectional and observational study employed the classic twin design with structural equation models.
 
  An inertial measurement unit with a wireless movement analysis system, the ViMove (DorsaVi, Melbourne, Australia) was used to measure lumbar lordosis, flexibility, and motion control during range of motion and functional tests. Intraclass correlation was used to determine twin resemblance for the traits.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dexketoprofen-trometamol.html  Heritability (genetic influence on trait variation) of lumbar lordosis, flexibility and motion control was estimated from 52 healthy twins, 34 monozygotic and 18 dizygotic using age and sex adjusted univariate genetic models.
 
  A strong heritability estimate was found in lumbar lordosis (77%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 38%-91%) in standing, followed by lumbar flexibility (67%, 95% CI 32%-85%) in the sagittal plane. No significant intraclass correlations were found in monozygotic twin pairs for lumbar motion control or in dizygotic twin pairs during the hurdle step and in-line lunge test.
 
  Genetic factors appear to have a substantial influence on lumbar lordosis and lumbar sagittal flexibility. Lumbar motion control may be more influenced by environmental factors.
 Genetic factors appear to have a substantial influence on lumbar lordosis and lumbar sagittal flexibility. Lumbar motion control may be more influenced by environmental factors.Oxidative stress (OS) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) promotes liver injury and inflammation. Treatment with vitamin E (α-tocopherol, αT), a lipid-soluble antioxidant, improves liver injury but also decreases steatosis, thought to be upstream of OS, through an unknown mechanism. To elucidate the mechanism, we combined a mechanistic human trial interrogating pathways of intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) accumulation and in vitro experiments. 50% of NAFLD patients (n = 20) treated with αT (200-800 IU/d) for 24 weeks had a ≥ 25% relative decrease in IHTG by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Paired liver biopsies at baseline and week 4 of treatment revealed a decrease in markers of hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) that strongly predicted week 24 response. In vitro, using HepG2 cells and primary human hepatocytes, αT inhibited glucose-induced DNL by decreasing SREBP-1 processing and lipogenic gene expression. This mechanism is dependent on the antioxidant capacity of αT, as redox-silenced methoxy-αT is unable to inhibit DNL in vitro. OS by itself was sufficient to increase S2P expression in vitro, and S2P is upregulated in NAFLD livers. In summary, we utilized αT to demonstrate a vicious cycle in which NAFLD generates OS, which feeds back to augment DNL and increases steatosis. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01792115.Drought is the most important abiotic stress limiting wheat production worldwide. Triticum boeoticum, as wild wheat, is a rich gene pool for breeding for drought stress tolerance. In this study, to identify the most drought-tolerant and susceptible genotypes, ten T. boeoticum accessions were evaluated under non-stress and drought-stress conditions for two years. Among the studied traits, water-use efficiency (WUE) was suggested as the most important trait to identify drought-tolerant genotypes. According to the desirable and undesirable areas of the bi-plot, Tb5 and Tb6 genotypes were less and more affected by drought stress, respectively. Therefore, their flag-leaves proteins were used for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. While, Tb5 contained a high amount of yield, yield components, and WUE, Tb6 had higher levels of water use, phenological related traits, and root related characters. Of the 235 spots found in the studied accessions, 14 spots (11 and 3 spots of Tb5 and Tb6, respectively) were selected for sequencing. Of these 14 spots, 9 and 5 spots were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. The identified proteins were grouped into six functional protein clusters, which were mainly involved in photosynthesis (36%), carbohydrate metabolism (29%), chaperone (7%), oxidation and reduction (7%), lipid metabolism and biological properties of the membrane (7%) and unknown function (14%). We report for the first time that MICP, in the group of lipid metabolism proteins, was significantly changed into wild wheat in response to drought stress. Maybe, the present-identified proteins could play an important role to understand the molecular pathways of wheat drought tolerance. We believe comparing and evaluating the similarity-identified proteins of T. boeoticum with the previously identified proteins of Aegilops tauschii, can provide a new direction to improve wheat tolerance to drought stress.