https://www.selleckchem.com/GSK-3.html Oral appliance therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) reduces blood pressure (BP) but there is little information on relationship to circadian BP pattern (nocturnal BP dipping or non-dipping). The aims of this study were to determine whether nocturnal dipping pattern influences BP changes following oral appliance therapy, and to determine the effect of oral appliance therapy on circadian BP pattern. Participants in two randomized trials of oral appliance therapy (1-2 months) with 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) data were included (N = 152). Nocturnal BP Dippers (nocturnal/diurnal SBP ratio <0.9) and non-dippers were compared for BP changes following oral appliance therapy and the effect of oral appliance therapy on nocturnal BP dipping was assessed. Of 152 participants, 64.5% were dippers. Dippers were on average younger and less likely to be hypertensive (42 vs. 82.7%, P < 0.001). Nondippers showed greater reduction in nocturnal BP measures, related to higher BP measures at baseline. Thee cardiovascular benefit from oral appliance therapy. The aim of the study was to describe the California nursing academic leader workforce shortage, identify succession planning activities, analyze driving and restraining forces of the role, and distinguish critical leadership competencies and onboarding strategies. Several studies have projected a workforce shortage for nursing academic leaders and studied the leadership competencies and driving and restraining forces impacting the role. The study was a secondary descriptive analysis of an existing cross-sectional needs assessment survey administered to California nursing academic leaders of prelicensure programs. The results validated an impending workforce shortage for California nurse academic leaders, with 66 percent planning to leave their positions in the next five years and 46 percent not having a succession plan in place. To avoid threatening the success of nursing programs,