https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dup-697.html © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.The enantioselective synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-based planar chiral cyclophanes was achieved for the first time by the rhodium-catalyzed intramolecular regio- and enantioselective [2+2+2] cycloaddition of tethered diyne- benzofulvenes followed by stepwise oxidative transformations. The thus synthesized p-terphenyl- and 9-fluorenone-based planar chiral bent cyclophanes were converted to 9-fluorenol-based ones with excellent ee values of >99% by diastereoselective 1,2-reduction. These 9-fluorenol-based cyclophanes exhibited high fluorescence quantum yields, which were significantly higher than that of an acyclic reference molecule (78-82% vs. 48%). The bending effect on the chiroptical property was also examined, which revealed that the anisotropy factors (gabs values) for electronic circular dichroism (ECD) of these 9-fluorenol-based planar chiral bent cyclophanes increase as the tether length becomes shorter. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Climate change and anthropogenic nitrogen deposition are widely regarded as important drivers of environmental change in alpine habitats. However, due to the difficulties working in high-elevation mountain systems, the impacts of these drivers on alpine breeding species have rarely been investigated. The Eurasian dotterel (Charadrius morinellus) is a migratory wader, which has been the subject of uniquely long-term and spatially widespread monitoring effort in Scotland, where it breeds in alpine areas in dwindling numbers. Here we analyse data sets spanning three decades, to investigate whether key potential drivers of environmental change in Scottish mountains (snow lie, elevated summer temperatures and nitrogen deposition) have contributed to the population decline of dotterel. We also consider the role of rainfall on the species' wintering grounds in North Africa. We found that dotterel