https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pf-477736.html ty in LBW, targeted interventions need to be implemented with greater emphasis placed on illiterate women. Brain metastasis represents a major complication with a significantly shorter overall survival of many oncological diseases, in particular of lung cancer, breast cancer and malignant melanoma patients. However, despite the poor prognosis, sometimes clinical decision-making, between on the one hand not to harm the patient and on the other hand not withholding a potential therapeutic option, is very challenging. Thus the aim of this retrospective study was to compare various scores, including scores for activities of daily living (ADL) before resection of brain metastases and to analyse their impact on survival. Our single institution retrospective patient cohort (N = 100) with a median age of 63.6 years, which had all undergone resection of one or more brain metastases, was categorized using the original patient files. The cohort includes 52 patients with lung cancer, 27 patients with breast cancer, 8 patients with colorectal carcinoma and 13 patients with kidney cancer. To categorize, we used different scurvival after resection of brain metastases. Especially the easily, objectively and rapidly applicable Katz-Score is a very helpful tool to assess the pre-operative status, which could be additionally included in clinical decision making in daily practice. Pre-operative independence assessment by indices of ADL represents a predictor for overall survival after resection of brain metastases. Especially the easily, objectively and rapidly applicable Katz-Score is a very helpful tool to assess the pre-operative status, which could be additionally included in clinical decision making in daily practice. Low birthweight (LBW) is a significant public health issue, and maternal smoking is the most prevalent preventable cause of LBW. #link# But there is limited evidence on association of LBW among children and cigarett