This case showed 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT may play some role in the management of neuro-Behçet disease.
  Somatostatin receptor-targeted α-therapy using α-emitter 225Ac-labeled somatostatin analogs has been suggested as a treatment option in advanced metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) failing treatment with β-emitters, such as 177Lu or 90Y. Thymus NETs are rare and usually more aggressive than other neuroendocrine tumor entities. We present here a case with β-radiation refractory metastatic thymus NET, who demonstrated an excellent therapy response (molecular and morphological remission, as well as significantly improved clinical symptoms) after 225Ac-DOTATOC-targeted α-therapy, without any adverse effects during the treatment or in the follow-up period.
 Somatostatin receptor-targeted α-therapy using α-emitter 225Ac-labeled somatostatin analogs has been suggested as a treatment option in advanced metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) failing treatment with β-emitters, such as 177Lu or 90Y. Thymus NETs are rare and usually more aggressive than other neuroendocrine tumor entities. We present here a case with β-radiation refractory metastatic thymus NET, who demonstrated an excellent therapy response (molecular and morphological remission, as well as significantly improved clinical symptoms) after 225Ac-DOTATOC-targeted α-therapy, without any adverse effects during the treatment or in the follow-up period.
  Ictal brain perfusion SPECT with the tracer 99mTc-HMPAO or 99mTc-ECD is widely used for identification of the epileptic seizure onset zone (SOZ) in presurgical evaluation if standard pointers are uncertain or inconsistent. For both tracers, there are theoretical arguments to favor it over the other for this task. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of ictal brain perfusion SPECT between 99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-ECD in a rather large patient sample.
 
  The study retrospectively included 196 patients from clinical routine in whom ictal perfusion SPECT had been performed with stabilized 99mTc-HMPAO (n = 110) or 99mTc-ECD (n = 86). Lateralization and localization of the SOZ were obtained by the consensus of 2 independent readers based on visual inspection of the SPECT images.
 
  The 99mTc-HMPAO group and the 99mTc-ECD group were well matched with respect to age, sex, age at first seizure, duration of disease, seizure frequency, history of previous brain surgery, and findings of presurgical MRI. The proportion of lateralizing ictal SPECT did not differ significantly between 99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-ECD (65.5% vs 72.1%, P = 0.36). Sensitivity of ictal perfusion SPECT (independent of the tracer) for correct localization of the SOZ in 62 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and at least worthwhile improvement (Engel scale ≤ III) 12 months after temporal epilepsy surgery was 63%.
 
  This study does not provide evidence to favor 99mTc-HMPAO or 99mTc-ECD for identification of the SOZ by ictal perfusion SPECT.
 This study does not provide evidence to favor 99mTc-HMPAO or 99mTc-ECD for identification of the SOZ by ictal perfusion SPECT.
  A 40-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and diarrhea for 2 months. Abdominal CT showed thickening of the cecal wall, which was considered likely malignant. The patient was subsequently enrolled in a clinical trial of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT study in tumors. Intense 68Ga-FAPI activity was noted in the thickened cecum, also suggestive of malignancy. However, pathological examination from biopsy rendered a diagnosis of chronic colitis.
 A 40-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and diarrhea for 2 months. Abdominal CT showed thickening of the cecal wall, which was considered likely malignant.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cpypp.html  The patient was subsequently enrolled in a clinical trial of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT study in tumors. Intense 68Ga-FAPI activity was noted in the thickened cecum, also suggestive of malignancy. However, pathological examination from biopsy rendered a diagnosis of chronic colitis.
  The availability of automated, accurate, and robust gross tumor volume (GTV) segmentation algorithms is critical for the management of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. In this work, we evaluated 3 state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms combined with 8 different loss functions for PET image segmentation using a comprehensive training set and evaluated its performance on an external validation set of HNC patients.
 
  18F-FDG PET/CT images of 470 patients presenting with HNC on which manually defined GTVs serving as standard of reference were used for training (340 patients), evaluation (30 patients), and testing (100 patients from different centers) of these algorithms. PET image intensity was converted to SUVs and normalized in the range (0-1) using the SUVmax of the whole data set. PET images were cropped to 12 × 12 × 12 cm3 subvolumes using isotropic voxel spacing of 3 × 3 × 3 mm3 containing the whole tumor and neighboring background including lymph nodes. We used different approaches for data augmennd cross-entropy for Res-Net, Dense-VNet, and Dice plus XEnt for NN-UNet emerged as reliable networks for GTV delineation. Caution should be exercised for clinical deployment owing to the occurrence of outliers in deep learning-based algorithms.
  A 61-year-old man after resection of well-differentiated midgut neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) was referred to 18F-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine PET/CT for localization of recurrent midgut NEN in the context of clinical symptoms and mild elevation of serum CgA (chromogranin A) levels. Isolated hepatic focus of increased 18F-Fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine uptake was detected. The biopsy of this focus, followed by radiofrequency ablation, revealed a hepatic cavernous hemangioma. Complete remission of midgut NEN was confirmed during 4-year clinical and imaging follow-up. The persistent mild elevation of serum CgA was retrospectively attributed to treatment with proton-pump inhibitors.
 A 61-year-old man after resection of well-differentiated midgut neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) was referred to 18F-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine PET/CT for localization of recurrent midgut NEN in the context of clinical symptoms and mild elevation of serum CgA (chromogranin A) levels. Isolated hepatic focus of increased 18F-Fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine uptake was detected.