https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pf-06873600.html Hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein (Cp) can be found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of infected hepatocytes; however, it preferentially segregates to a specific compartment correlating with disease status. Regulation of this intracellular partitioning of Cp remains obscure. In this paper, we report that cellular compartments are filled and vacated by Cp in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in both transfections and infections. At early times after transfection, Cp, in a dimeric state, preferentially localizes to the nucleolus. Later, the nucleolar compartment is emptied and Cp progresses to being predominantly nuclear, with a large fraction of the protein in an assembled state. Nuclear localization is followed by cell-wide distribution, and then Cp becomes exclusively cytoplasmic. The same trend in Cp movement is seen during an infection. Putative nucleolar retention signals have been identified and appear to be structure dependent. Export of Cp from the nucleus involves the CRM1 exportin. Time-depenur understanding of the mechanisms of antivirals that target HBV capsid assembly.Nucleoside analogs are mainstays of antiviral therapy. Although resistance to these drugs hinders their use, understanding resistance can illuminate mechanisms of the drugs and their targets. Certain nucleoside analogs, such as ganciclovir (GCV), a leading therapy for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), contain the equivalent of a 3'-hydoxyl moiety, yet their triphosphates can terminate genome synthesis (nonobligate chain termination). For ganciclovir, chain termination is delayed until incorporation of the subsequent nucleotide, after which viral polymerase idling (repeated addition and removal of incorporated nucleotides) prevents extension. Here, we investigated how an alanine-to-glycine substitution at residue 987 (A987G), in conserved motif V in the thumb subdomain of the catalytic subunit (Pol) of HCMV DNA polymerase, affects pol