optimize treatment expectancies are capable of improving treatment outcomes.
  We aimed to compare trajectories of cognitive performance in individuals diagnosed with dementia with and without severe mental illness (SMI).
 
  Retrospective cohort study.
 
  We used data from a large longitudinal mental healthcare case register, the Clinical Record Interactive Search (CRIS), at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM) which provides mental health services to four south London boroughs.
 
  Our sample (N = 4718) consisted of any individual who had a primary or secondary diagnosis of dementia from 2007 to 2018, was 50 years old or over at first diagnosis of dementia and had at least 3 recorded Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores.
 
  Cognitive performance was measured using MMSE.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/GDC-0449.html  Linear mixed models were fitted to explore whether MMSE trajectories differed between individuals with or without prior/current SMI diagnoses. Models were adjusted by socio-demographics, cardiovascular risk, smoking, and medication.
 
  Our results showed differences in the rate of change, where ibipolar disorders. Future research to detangle the potential biological underlying mechanisms of these associations is needed.
  Candidemia caused by uncommon Candida species is increasing and misidentification may compromise optimal antifungal therapy. This multicenter study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of species-level identification of uncommon Candida.
 
  Uncommon causative species of candidemia identified in routine laboratories using CHROMagar, API-32C and VITEK-2 Yeast ID system were collected from July 2011 to June 2014. These isolates were further identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer and 28S rRNA gene. Susceptibility of the isolates was determined.
 
  Of 85 isolates evaluated, Candida guilliermondii (n=36) was the most common, followed by Candid sake (n=7) and Candida famata (n=4). Using DNA-sequencing analysis as standard, none of C. sake and C. famata was correct, while VITEK MS correctly identified 10 of the 11 isolates. With the exclusion of one unspecified Candida by DNA-sequencing methods, the accuracy of conventional methods and VITEK MS was 64.3% and 86.9%, respectively (p=0.001). Eight isolates were confirmed to be yeasts other than Candida. Compared with other Candida species, C. guilliermondii showed elevated minimal inhibitory concentration of echinocandins.
 
  Misidentification of uncommon Candida species was common using the conventional methods, especially for C. sake and C. famata. MALDI-TOF MS assisted by DNA-sequencing methods should be considered.
 Misidentification of uncommon Candida species was common using the conventional methods, especially for C. sake and C. famata. MALDI-TOF MS assisted by DNA-sequencing methods should be considered.Wearable electrochemical sensors have attracted tremendous attention in recent years. Significant progress has been achieved, particularly in device integration. Most wearable devices are integrated on thin-film polymer, however, less attention is paid to the sweat flow at human-device interfaces, which is of great significance for continuous real-time analysis and long-term skin comfort. Here, we reported a low-cost, freestanding and disposable highly integrated sensing paper (HIS paper) for real-time analysis of sweat. By using a simple printing process, the HIS paper combining hydrophobic protecting wax, conducting electrodes, and the incorporated MXene/methylene blue (Ti3C2Tx/MB) active materials was assembled. In particular, the printed paper was folded into a multi-layer structure, in which a reasonable designed three-dimensional (3D) sweat diffusion path is established by connecting the hydrophilic regions of each layer, providing efficient pathways for the collection and diffusion of sweat along the vertical direction of the folded HIS paper. More importantly, the independent 3D position of three-electrode facilitates the decoration and fixation of enzymes, as well as the accessibility of electrolytes. In addition, a dual-channel electrochemical sensor that can simultaneously detect glucose and lactate with sensitivity of 2.4 nA μM-1 and 0.49 μA mM-1 respectively was produced based on the HIS paper. This HIS paper provides a miniaturized, low-cost and flexible solution for a range of biochemical platforms, including wearable bioelectronics.Spatial manipulation of suspended cells based on their properties is an essential part of numerous microfluidic assays. To further read and analyze the manipulation result, a microscopy system is typically required, which, however, increases the cost and reduces the portability of the entire system. As an alternative, a network of integrated Coulter sensors, distributed over a microfluidic chip, provide rapid and reliable detection of spatially-manipulated cells. Code-multiplexing of distributed Coulter sensors enables simplification of such integration by offloading the hardware complexity into advanced signal processing techniques that are needed to interpret the coded sensor outputs. In this work, we combine code-multiplexed Coulter sensor networks with an error-correction technique, a strategy typically used in telecommunication systems for controlling errors in data over unreliable communication channels. Specifically, we include redundancy in the physical sensor design to alleviate the ambiguity in the signal-decoding process, so that interfering sensor signals due to coincidently-detected cells can be resolved reliably. The presented sensor technology not only tracks the spatiotemporal state of cells under test but also measures their sizes and flow speeds. To demonstrate the sensor concept experimentally, we fabricated a microfluidic device with 10 distributed Coulter sensors designed to produce distinct signal waveforms and performed experiments with suspended human cancer cells to characterize the performance of the sensor platform.3D printing technology has become a mature manufacturing technique, widely used for its advantages over the traditional methods, such as the end-user customization and rapid prototyping, useful in different application fields, including the biomedical one. Indeed, it represents a helpful tool for the realization of biodevices (i.e. biosensors, microfluidic bioreactors, drug delivery systems and Lab-On-Chip). In this perspective, the development of 3D printable materials with intrinsic functionalities, through the so-called 4D printing, introduces novel opportunities for the fabrication of "smart" or stimuli-responsive devices. Indeed, functional 3D printable materials can modify their surfaces, structures, properties or even shape in response to specific stimuli (such as pressure, temperature or light radiation), adding to the printed object new interesting properties exploited after the fabrication process. In this context, by combining 3D printing technology with an accurate materials' design, functional 3D objects with built-in (bio)chemical functionalities, having biorecognition, biocatalytic and drug delivery capabilities are here reported.