The results suggest that about 5% of college students have varied symptoms of a moderate to severe degree. Future research is needed to better assess whether there are biological associations with these self-report findings, as well as to determine longer-term implications of these symptoms.Plant virus-encoded movement proteins (MPs) interact with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes, the cytoskeleton, and plasmodesmata (PD) to mediate intracellular delivery of the virus genome to PD and its further transport through PD from infected to healthy cells. The Hibiscus green spot virus MP termed BMB2 has been shown to induce constrictions of ER tubules and to occur at highly curved membranes, thus showing properties similar to those of reticulons, a class of cellular proteins inducing membrane curvature and shaping the ER tubules.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sw033291.html  Consistent with this BMB2 function, mRFP-BMB2 localizes to discrete, constricted regions scattered along the ER tubules. Here, using BMB2-mRFP fusion protein as a BMB2 derivative with partially disabled functionality, we demonstrate that the focal localization of BMB2 to discrete sites along the ER tubules is insufficient to induce local tubule constrictions at these sites, suggesting that the formation of ER tubule constrictions represents a specific BMB2 function and is not simply a mechanistic consequence of its localization to the ER. The presented data suggest that the formation of ER-residing BMB2-containing distinct small aggregates, or protein platforms, can be uncoupled from BMB2-induced ER tubule constrictions, whereas the anchoring of platforms at particular ER sites appears to be linked to the constriction of ER tubules at these sites.Asparaginase (ASNase) is an effective treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Changes in ASNase activity may lead to suboptimal treatment and poorer outcomes. The gut microbiome produces metabolites that could impact ASNase therapy, however, remains uninvestigated. We examined gut-microbial community and microbial-ASNase and asparagine synthetase (ASNS) genes using 16SrRNA and metagenomic sequence data from stool samples of pediatric ALL patients. Comparing ASNase activity between consecutive ASNase-doses, we found microbial communities differed between decreased- and increased-activity samples. Escherichia predominated in the decreased-activity community while Bacteroides and Streptococcus predominated in the increased-activity community. In addition microbial ASNS was significantly (p=.004) negatively correlated with change in serum ASNase activity. These preliminary findings suggest microbial communities prior to treatment could affect serum ASNase levels, although the mechanism is unknown. Replication in an independent cohort is needed, and future research on manipulation of these communities and genes could prove useful in optimizing ASNase therapy.
  Advancements in medical technologies that utilize ionizing radiation have led to improved diagnosis and patient outcomes, however, the effect of ionizing radiation on the patient is still debated. In the case of pregnancy, the potential effects are not only to the mother but also to the fetus. The aim of this study was to determine if exposure from ionizing radiation during pregnancy alters the development of the cardiovascular and respiratory system of the offspring.
 
  Pregnant C57Bl/6 mice were whole-body irradiated at gestational day 15 with a 
  Cs gamma radiation emitting source at 0 mGy (sham), 50mGy, 300mGy, or 1000mGy. Post weaning weight and blood pressure measurements were taken weekly for both male and female pups until euthanasia at 16-17 weeks postnatal age. Immediately following, the trachea was cannulated, and the lungs and heart excised. The lung was then examined to assess respiratory physiological outcomes.
 
  exposures to 1000mGy caused significant growth reduction compared to sham irradiated, which remained persistent for both male and female pups. Growth restriction was not observed for lower exposures. There was no significant change in any cardiovascular or respiratory outcomes measured. Overall, intrauterine exposures to ionizing radiation does not appear to significantly alter the development of the cardiovascular and respiratory system in C57Bl/6 pups up to 17 weeks postnatal age.
 In utero exposures to 1000 mGy caused significant growth reduction compared to sham irradiated, which remained persistent for both male and female pups. Growth restriction was not observed for lower exposures. There was no significant change in any cardiovascular or respiratory outcomes measured. Overall, intrauterine exposures to ionizing radiation does not appear to significantly alter the development of the cardiovascular and respiratory system in C57Bl/6 pups up to 17 weeks postnatal age.Thrombosis and its related events have become a major concern during the development and optimization of ventricular assist devices (VADs, also called blood pumps), and limit their clinical use and economic benefits. Attempts have been made to model the thrombosis formation, considering hemodynamic and biochemical processes. However, the complexities and computational expenses are prohibitive. Blood stasis is one of the key factors which may lead to the formation of thrombosis and excessive thromboembolic risks for patients. This study proposed a novel approach for modeling blood stasis, based on a two-phase flow principle. The locations of blood residual can be tracked over time, so that regions of blood stasis can be identified. The blood stasis in an axial blood pump is simulated under various working conditions, the results agree well with the experimental results. In contrast, conventional hemodynamic metrics such as velocity, time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), and relative residence time (RRT), were contradictory in judging risk of blood stasis and thrombosis, and inconsistent with experimental results. We also found that the pump operating at the designed rotational speed is less prone to blood stasis. The model provides an efficient and fast alternative for evaluating blood stasis and thrombosis potential in blood pumps, and will be a valuable addition to the tools to support the design and improvement of VADs.