https://www.selleckchem.com/products/odm-201.html Postoperative courses were uneventful without sign of leakage in both cases. The patients started oral intake 2 weeks after the surgery. They have been alive without aspiration pneumonia and takes normal diet. Hangeshashinto is a Japanese Kampo medicine applied for the treatment of oral mucositis and gastroenteritis. Hangeshashinto exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and suppresses prostaglandin (PG)E2 production in the mucosa and has the ability to improve the inflammatory condition. In addition to these effects, because cAMP, a composition of Hangeshashinto, facilitates ciliary beat, Hangeshashinto could also improve the physiological function of the nasal mucosa, consist of ciliated epithelium, but details were unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Hangeshashinto on the nasal mucosa. Healthy nasal mucosal sections were collected from the nasal septum of ten Japanese white rabbits, placed in a collagen dish for tissue culture, and rinsed with two different concentrations of Hangeshashinto solution (1.0%, n=10 and 2.5%, n=10) and cAMP solution (50µM, n=10 and 100µM, n=10) or saline (control, n=10). Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) as a physiological function of the nasal mucosa wasphysiological functions of the nasal mucosal epithelium. Our results suggest that 1.0% Hangeshashinto solution facilitates the physiological function of the nasal mucosa by promoting ciliary functions without histological damage of cilia epithelium. When applied with the appropriate concentration, Hangeshashinto could have ability to improve the physiological functions of the nasal mucosal epithelium. Although oral appliance therapy is considered a validated treatment for obstructive sleep apnea, its therapeutic success varies significantly among patients. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy is often employed in order to identify candidates for upper airway surgery; however, it remains unknown whether its findings can