ainst excessive exposure to EDCs.
  Epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase play key role in tumorigenesis and disease progression. Currently, targeted therapy is a better approach for cancer therapy compared with traditional chemotherapy. EGFR-based/ALK-based target therapies are key targets for drug development in cancer therapy.
 
  To show a recent trend in research and development of EGFR-based/ALK-based targets, and to better understand the Intellectual Property (IP) surrounding EGFR-based and ALK-based targets.
 
  EGFR-based and ALK-based targets were analyzed by comprehensive US patent analysis, respectively. US patents of EGFR-based/ALK-based targets were analyzed from September 2001 to September 2020.
 
  The results indicated that the key technologies and methods of EGFR-based/ALK-based targets were developed by global large pharmaceutical companies or American companies/universities. Small molecular inhibitors show a higher percentage in the number of patent of EGFR-based target.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/blu-451.html  In addition, the present study also shows recent small molecular targeted drugs approved by FDA.
 
  Global large pharmaceutical companies and American companies/universities have obvious advantages in research and development of targeted drugs. EGFR-based target was still an attractive target for research and drug development in the past 10 years. Also, global large pharmaceutical companies prefer to complete key technological research and development by independent innovation way, instead of collaboration.
 Global large pharmaceutical companies and American companies/universities have obvious advantages in research and development of targeted drugs. EGFR-based target was still an attractive target for research and drug development in the past 10 years. Also, global large pharmaceutical companies prefer to complete key technological research and development by independent innovation way, instead of collaboration.
  Vitamin A (VA) provides neuroprotection against oxidative stress and brain inflammation. VA deficiency (VAD) increases the risk of neurodegeneration in animal models, but results are inconclusive in humans particularly in the older adult (OA) population which is at higher risk for micronutrient deficiencies and cognitive impairment.
 
  To estimate the association between serum retinol levels and cognitive function (CF) in older Mexican adults.
 
  Cross-sectional study with 803 adults aged ≥60 years with fasting blood sample from the southern region of Mexico, collected in summer of 2015. Low serum retinol (LSR) was defined if serum retinol ≤20 µg/dl. CF was evaluated using Semantic Verbal Fluency Test (SVFT). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was defined using normative values for SVFT. Linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate the association of LSR with CF and MCI, respectively.
 
  Prevalence of MCI was 9.35% and LSR 3.36%. OA with LSR evoked less words in the SVFT (
  = -2.8, CI95% -4.6, -0.9) and had higher probability of MCI (OR =  2.7, CI95% 0.9, 7.7). Associations remained significant when considered IL-6.
 
  Frequency of LSR in older Mexican adults was low, but strongly associated with MCI. This result suggests that VA plays a role in maintaining CF in the elderly population. Since VAD is a reversible condition, further studies are needed in order to identify the main causes of LSR and prevent MCI in populations which are at higher risk for malnutrition.
  ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04820465.
 Frequency of LSR in older Mexican adults was low, but strongly associated with MCI. This result suggests that VA plays a role in maintaining CF in the elderly population. Since VAD is a reversible condition, further studies are needed in order to identify the main causes of LSR and prevent MCI in populations which are at higher risk for malnutrition.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04820465.Background Climate change affects human health with those with the least resources being most vulnerable. However, little is known about the impact of climate change on human health and effective adaptation methods in informal settlements in low- and middle-income countries.Objective The objective of this scoping review was to identify, characterize, and summarize research evidence on the impact of climate change on human health in informal settlements and the available adaptation methods and interventions.Method A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley framework. The four bibliographic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane library were searched. Eligibility criteria were all types of peer-reviewed publications reporting on climate change or related extreme weather events (as defined by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), informal settlements (as defined by UN-Habitat), low- and middle-income countries (as defined by the World Bank) and immediatnd to inform policy making.Prospective memory (PM) tasks have been described as social in nature because carrying out one's intentions often has an impact on others. Despite the claim that PM errors [compared to retrospective memory (RM) errors] are perceived as character flaws, little empirical work has tested this assertion. In particular, no study has examined how adults perceive children's PM errors. Thus, the aim of the current studies was to examine adults' perceptions of children's forgetfulness depending on child age (4 vs. 10-year-olds), domain of the memory error (academic vs. social), and memory type (PM vs. RM). In Study 1, adult participants rated children's PM errors on seven traits. Findings showed that social errors were rated more negatively than academic errors, and age and domain interacted such that 10-year-olds were rated more negatively than 4-year-olds for making social errors but not academic errors. Study 2 examined the impact of child age, domain, and memory type on perceptions of forgetful children to specifically test differences between PM and RM errors. Results showed a larger difference between ratings of 10-year-olds for their academic and social memory errors compared to 4-year-olds, but only for RM errors.