tment for Aspergillus infection, and early diagnosis and treatment should be highlighted.
  Using mobile phones for communication in emergency departments is a common practice; however, several studies have demonstrated that they may act as vectors for bacteria and viruses. This study evaluated the effectiveness of plastic wrapping in decreasing bacterial contamination on mobile phone surfaces.
 
  We used culture dishes and a luminometer to detect bacterial colonies and contamination on the phone surfaces.
 
  Our experiment showed that bacterial colonies exist on mobile phones before and after work. We found that wiping with 75% alcohol sanitizers effectively reduces the number of colonies on either a mobile phone or a temporary plastic covering. In addition, we found that bacterial colonies do not contaminate or adhere to plastic wrap any easier than to mobile phones.
 
  These results demonstrated the effectiveness of plastic wrap for protecting mobile phone surfaces against bacterial colonization. In addition, applying a layer of plastic wrap protects the phone from potential damage due to the alcohol.
 These results demonstrated the effectiveness of plastic wrap for protecting mobile phone surfaces against bacterial colonization. In addition, applying a layer of plastic wrap protects the phone from potential damage due to the alcohol.To analyze the prevalence of anemia and associated factors in primiparous parturient.Cross-sectional study conducted in a municipality of the Brazilian Western Amazon from July 2014 to December 2015. A convenience sample of 461 first-time pregnant women were interviewed. Data on their sociodemographic, clinical, obstetric, personal habits and nutritional status were collected. Anemia and iron depletion were measured by peripheral blood collection with hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum ferritin and transferrin saturation index. To test the association between the variables, the χ tests were applied and Poisson regression analysis with a 95% confidence interval was performed, and P  less then  .05 values were considered significant. The Forward stepwise strategy was used to construct the adjusted model. These analyzes were performed using the STATA 14.0 program (College Station, TX, 2013).A higher risk of anemia was identified among adolescent; white; who had a partner; with unpaid occupation, with less than eight years of formal education. Residents in the countryside; smokers; who had more than six prenatal consultations and were overweight.Anemia was reported in 28.20% and iron depletion in 60.52% of parturient women. The variables studied did not have association with the anemia outcome, except alcohol consumption.Coupled with the lowest level of social connectedness, South Korea has the highest suicide rate among the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. A possible link between community and suicide is social capital imprinted in social connectedness. This study explores whether social capital is protective against suicide ideation in relation to the poverty level of communities, and whether the associations are specific to certain elements of social capital.A total of 908 participants were included to assess cross-sectional association of social capital at individual level with suicide ideation by comparing between poor (government-leased apartments) and non-poor communities (nongovernment-leased apartments). Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine various social capital dimensions in relation to suicide ideation.Suicide ideation was far higher among those living in the poor communities (poor communities 12%; non poor communities 6.3%) and the level of social capital was lower in the poor communities. Nevertheless, the protective effect of social capital, in particular, the cognitive dimension against suicide ideation was demonstrated only in the poor communities (eg, odds ratio = 0.27, 95% confidence interval 0.12-0.58 for trust in the poor communities). Low income was significantly associated with suicide ideation only in the poor communities, but depression and resilience were associated with suicide ideation both in the poor and non-poor communities.To increase the reliability of the results, established measures based on relevant literature were utilized, but measures on bridging social capital and social network might have relatively low reliability.As to protection against suicide ideation, the extent of reliance on social capital was higher in poor communities than in non-poor communities, in particular, the cognitive dimension was likely to activate in this regard.This study was to investigate clinical features and prognosis of duplex primary malignant neoplasms involving chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-DPMNs). Clinical data of thirteen CML-DPMN patients who were admitted to the First Hospital of Jilin University from May 2008 to December 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Female patients (9/13) were predominant in this cohort study. Nine patients were metachronous DPMNs (metachronous duplex primary malignant neoplasms involving chronic myeloid leukemia) with 5 years median interval time from primary malignancy to secondary malignancy. The other 4 patients were diagnosed as synchronous CML-DPMNs. Seven of the metachronous duplex primary malignant neoplasms involving chronic myeloid leukemia suffered from CML following many years of comprehensive anti-cancer therapy. Two of CML-MDPMN patients had invasive ductal carcinoma of breast after many years of treatment with imatinib. There was no difference between treatment-related CML group and non-treatment-related CML group in regard as the gender, age, white blood cell count, hemoglobin level, platelet count, and risk level.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Temsirolimus.html  The median overall survival time of these thirteen patients with CML-DPMNs was not reached. In conclusion, female patients are more likely to suffer from the CML-DPMNs in the present article. Overall survival time of patients with DPMNs involving CML could be promising if timely and effective treatment therapy is adopted.Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Asia has become increasingly prevalent. As a treatment of IBD, many immunomodulators and biological agents were introduced and shown to be effective in inducing and maintaining remission. However, many cases with treatment failure were reported. To overcome the failure, combination therapy of immunomodulatory and biologics have emerged, showing better outcomes by optimizing biologic pharmacokinetics and minimizing immunogenicity. Adversely, rates of tuberculosis (TB) have been increased as a result. The aim of this study is to compare the risk of TB according to the therapy using large population data.We used data from the South Korean Health Insurance and Review Agency over the period 2008-2016 and calculated the hazard ratio (HR) for TB in IBD. We compared the risk of TB according to the medication infliximab only, azathioprine only (AZA), combination of azathioprine and infliximab (CAI), azathioprine monotherapy and infliximab monotherapy (AIM), and azathioprine and infliximab whether simultaneously or separately (AISS).