For all surfaces examined, superspreading in the presence and absence of quantum dot nanoparticles takes place. Despite the formation of coffee rings on all substrates, they have different morphologies. In particular, the knot-like structures are incorporated into the ring on hexamethyldisilazane- and polystyrene-coated surfaces.Pt-oxygen-containing-species (Pt-OCS) catalysts, in which OCS (e.g., metal-oxides) are decorated on Pt surface, possess enhanced ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) activity and stability than pure Pt and are promising in practical applications of direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). We here investigate the promotion roles of Pt-OCS electrocatalysts toward EOR via a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculation and experiments, providing a rational design strategy of Pt-OCS catalysts. It is revealed that Pt-AuO and Pt-SnO are excelling in EOR activity and stability, respectively, among DFT screening of various Pt-OCS systems, and this is confirmed by following experiments. Moreover, an optimized Pt-AuSnO catalyst is proposed by theoretical calculation, taking advantages of both Pt-AuO and Pt-SnO. The as-prepared Pt-AuSnO catalyst delivers an EOR activity of 9.7-times higher than that of Pt and shows desired stability. These findings are expected to elucidate the mechanistic insights of Pt-OCS materials and lead to advanced EOR electrocatalysts.The synthesis of α-carbonyl-α'-amide sulfoxonium ylides by Pd/C-catalyzed carbonylative transformation of azides with α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides has been studied. This method offers a direct approach to produce synthetically useful α-carbonyl-α'-amide sulfoxonium ylides in high efficiency. By using readily available substrates, 39 examples of products were prepared in good yields with outstanding functional group compatibility. Example on converting the obtained ylide into the corresponding 1,3-dicarbonyl compound has been given as well.Single-atom catalysts (SACs) often exhibit superior activity and selectivity in heterogeneous catalysis because of their maximized atom utilization and unique coordination environments. However, most reported studies about SACs in heterogeneous catalysis focus on model reactions with simple molecules. In addition, many reported single atoms are confined in microporous structures, hindering the mass transfer of molecules with large sizes, thus limiting their practical applications in industry. In this study, we report a molten salt-assisted method to synthesize metal single atoms anchored on a hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon support (denoted as M1/h-NC, M includes Co, Fe, Ni, Mn, and Cu). Taking Co1/h-NC as an example, compared to the control sample which has Co single atoms being encapsulated in a microporous N-doped carbon support (denoted as Co1/m-NC), Co1/h-NC exhibits significantly higher catalytic activity in the selective hydrogenation of large-sized pharmaceutical molecules, such as nimodipine (calcium channel blocker) and 2-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenylethyl)quinoline (antispasmodic natural alkaloid intermediate). The superior catalytic performance of Co1/h-NC is directly ascribed to the integration of the advantages of single-atom active sites and hierarchical mesoporous structure, which is beneficial for the mass transfer of molecules with large sizes and enables nearly all the Co single atoms to be accessible for catalytic reactions.This study aims to determine whether sodium butyrate (SB) could antagonize deoxynivalenol (DON)-induced intestinal epithelial dysfunction. In a four-week feeding trial, twenty-eight barrows were randomly divided into four treatments (1) uncontaminated basal diet (control); (2) 4 mg/kg DON-contaminated diet (DON); (3) basal diet supplemented with 0.2% SB (SB); and (4) 4 mg/kg DON + 0.2% SB (DON + SB). A decrease in performance was observed in DON-exposed animals, which was prevented by the dietary SB supplementation. DON exposure also depressed the expression of host defense peptides (HDPs) in the intestine, impaired the intestinal barrier integrity, and disturbed the gut microbiota homeostasis. These alterations induced by DON were attenuated by SB supplementation. The supplementation of 0.2% SB ameliorated the adverse effects of DON on the liver in terms of hepatic lesions as well as serum concentrations of alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase. In IPEC-J2 cells, pretreatment with SB alleviated the DON-induced decreased cell viability. Additionally, the NOD2/caspase-12 pathway participated in the alleviation of SB on DON-induced diminished HDP expression. Taken together, these data demonstrated that SB protected piglets from DON-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction potentially through stimulation of intestinal HDP assembly and regulation in gut microbiota.Enol ether structural motifs exist in many highly oxygenated biologically active natural products and pharmaceuticals.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Idarubicin.html  The synthesis of the geometrically less stable Z-enol ethers is challenging. An efficient Z-selective oxidative isomerization process of allyl ethers catalyzed by a cobalt(II) (salen) complex using N-fluoro-2,4,6-trimethylpyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate (Me3NFPY•OTf) as an oxidant has been developed. Thermodynamically less stable Z-enol ethers were prepared in excellent yields with high geometric control. This methodology also demonstrates the effectiveness in controlling the Z-selective isomerization reaction of diallyl ethers at room temperature. This catalytic system provides an alternative pathway to extend the traditional reductive isomerization of allyl ethers.The conventional use of textiles as substrates for the incorporation of brick materials (i.e., polymers and nanomaterials) is ubiquitously developed with primary purposes for introducing desired technical/functional performance rather than maintaining the aesthetic/decorative characteristics and inherent advantages (i.e., flexibility and permeability) of textiles. Such kinds of modified textiles with typical solid coating layers, however, are becoming more and more unsuitable for some emerging applications, such as smart wearable devices. Herein, we presented a brand-new kind of modified textiles with brick materials formed contouring to the nonplanar fiber surfaces of a fabric substrate as a three-dimensional (3D) conformal layer of porous microstructures by a unique breath figure self-assembling strategy of employing water microdroplet arrays as soft dynamic templates that can be controlled, formed, and removed spontaneously. In this paper, the main influential factors such as solution concentration, relative humidity, temperature, brick materials, and fabric substrates were studied systematically to control and adjust the formation of 3D conformal porous microstructures (3CPMs).