https://www.selleckchem.com/products/lithium-chloride.html The aim of the study was to compare procedural efficacy, early and late functional outcomes in holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) under spinal anesthesia (SA) versus general anesthesia (GA). We retrospectively reviewed patients undergoing HoLEP at our institution between 2012 and 2017. Standard pre-, peri-, and postoperative characteristics were compared according to anesthetic technique. Multivariable logistic regression analyses (MVAs) were employed to study the impact of SA on procedural efficacy and postoperative complications. Our study cohort consisted of 1,159 patients, of whom 374 (32%) underwent HoLEP under SA. While a medical history of any anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapy except low-dose acetylsalicylic acid was significantly more common among patients undergoing GA (16% vs. 10%, p = 0.001), no other significant differences in preoperative characteristics were noted including age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification (ASA), prostate size, orspective series, HoLEP under SA was a safe and efficacious procedure with comparable early and long-term functional outcomes. There is still a lack of availability of high-quality multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) interpreted by experienced uro-radiologists to rule out clinically significant PC (csPC). Consequently, we developed a new imaging method based on computed tomographic ultrasound (US) supported by artificial neural network analysis (ANNA). Two hundred and two consecutive patients with visible mpMRI lesions were scanned and recorded by robotic CT-US during mpMRI-TRUS biopsy. Only significant index lesions (ISUP ≥2) verified by whole-mount pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Their visibility was reevaluated by 2 blinded investigators by grayscale US and ANNA. In the cohort, csPC was detected in 105 cases (52%) by mpMRI-TRUS biopsy. Whole-mount histology was available in 44 cases (