https://www.selleckchem.com/products/l-glutamic-acid-monosodium-salt.html 05). CONCLUSIONS SPB added to the ISBPB increases the quality of surgical anesthesia and reduces the need for intraoperative sedoanalgesia for arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Copyright © 2020, Demir et al.Thoracic paravertebral blocks (TPVBs) provide an effective pain relief modality in conditions where thoracic epidurals are contraindicated. Historically, TPVBs were placed relying solely on the landmark-based technique, but the availability of ultrasound imaging makes it a valuable and practical tool during the placement of these blocks. TPVBs also provide numerous advantages over thoracic epidurals, namely, minimal hypotension, absence of urinary retention, lack of motor weakness, and remote risk of an epidural hematoma. Utilization of both landmark-based and ultrasound-guided techniques may increase the successful placement of a TPVB. This article reviews relevant sonoanatomy as it pertains to TPVBs. However, certain patient-related issues, including pneumothoraces, surgical emphysema, body habitus, and transverse process fractures, all may make imaging with ultrasound challenging. The changes noted on ultrasound imaging as a result of these issues will be further described in this review. Copyright © 2020, Wardhan et al.Osteoporosis is a common cause of vertebral compression fractures. Often times affecting post-menopausal women, these fractures may occur spontaneously or following minor trauma and are typically managed non-surgically. Here we present a case of a 67-year-old patient who presented with acute compression fracture of the lumbar 5 vertebra and bilateral pedicle fractures of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae following an episode of coughing secondary to tracheitis. She underwent a lumbar 3 to sacral 1/ilium instrumentation/arthrodesis, with screw augmentation via hydroxyapatite, followed by lumbar 4/5 laminectomy and foraminotomy. Copyright © 2020, Ebot et al.This audit look