https://www.selleckchem.com/products/acetylcysteine.html ly linked to perception and motor output, as well as unique dysconnectivity profiles that hypothetically mediate the more distinctive features of the disorder-specific psychopathology. BACKGROUND Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterised by a range of symptoms, such as excessive mobility, difficulty in maintaining attention and inadequate impulse control. Methylphenidate (MPH) is widely prescribed as a treatment for ADHD. In the literature, studies investigating the effects of MPH on the lower urinary tract (LUT) are limited. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate MPH-induced LUT symptoms (LUTSs) in patients with ADHD without a diagnosis of voiding dysfunction (VD). STUDY DESIGN After ethical committee approval, volunteers aged 7-17 y were divided into two groups, with group 1 composed of individuals diagnosed with ADHD but not VD and group 2 (control) composed of healthy individuals. Lower urinary tract symptoms and quality of life, in addition to uroflowmetry test results and postvoiding residual volume (PVRV), were evaluated in both groups at baseline and again 4 wk later. The individuals in group 1 were treated with MPH after baseline screening. The dysfunm underlying the effect of MPH on the LUT. In a future study, the authors suggest evaluating the effects of MPH in a urodynamic study in patients with ADHD diagnosed with VD. INTRODUCTION The analysis of 24-h urine is the gold standard to diagnose metabolic abnormalities in the stone-forming patient. However, urinary composition changes throughout the day and analyzing the whole 24-h urine may mask peaks of increased risk of crystallization. OBJECTIVE To examine variations of stone-promoting and stone-inhibiting factors in urine using split 24-h samples from healthy and stone-forming children. STUDY DESIGN Urine was collected from 87 healthy and 26 stone-forming children using a split collection procedure (12-h daytime urine