Functionalized graphene oxide nano-sheets (PAni-Ag-GONC) were prepared and employed as carrier for covalent immobilization of trypsin. This low cost setting, which involves loading of high amount of enzyme on the matrix, displayed significantly enhanced thermo-stability and pH resistance. The nano-composite (NC) bound trypsin preserved 90% of activity whereas native trypsin retained only 44% of activity after 60 days of storage at a temperature of 4°C. Immobilized trypsin conserved 80.5% of activity even after its ten repeated uses. Almond protein hydrolysates prepared by native and conjugated enzyme was investigated for antioxidant activities and found that peptides resulted from NC bound trypsin displayed increase in radical scavenging activity (i.e. around 30% and 37% scavenging activity observed, respectively by native and NC bound trypsin from same concentration of peptides). This strategy provides a new approach for production of potential biopeptides which may be incorporated in drugs and functional food industries applying PAni-Ag-GONC based biocatalysis. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS Trichloroacetic acid (PubChem CID 6421); Tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (PubChem CID 6503); Glycine (PubChem CID 750); and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (PubChem CID 74358); Nα- Benzoyl-DL-arginine 4-nitroanilide hydrochloride (PubChem CID 2724371); Ammonium sulphate (PubChem CID 6097028). V.Polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels that have natural fibers mimicking extracellular matrix can be used as a model to understand the role of substrate properties on cell growth and migration. Due to the dependence of cell movement to adhesion, characterization of motility is needed to prepare biocompatible substrates. We demonstrated a method to encapsulate collagen into PEG hydrogel crosslinked via photopolymerization and studied the effect of fiber density on motility dynamics. Porous hydrogel immersed into collagen solution was coated with fibers after neutralizing solution. We provided a detailed study of cell instantaneous/average speed, total displacement, persistence and angular displacement. We found that cells demonstrated a biphasic motility where a maximum speed of 17.4 μm/h with a total distance of 215 μm and persistence of 0.43 were obtained at 1.2 mg/ml collagen. High occurrence of low angular displacement observed at intermediate fiber density suggests that cells tend to move forward along hydrogels. Increased anisotropy at low density was an indication of forward and backward movement. Finally, matrix deformation was determined in the absence of fluorescent beads by tracking fiber displacement at subpixel resolution. Our findings establish a method for preparation of collagen coated hydrogels and provide an insight into cell motility dynamics. V.To avoid complex and toxic chemical cross-linking reaction, cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) was used to enhance the performance of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/lignin nanoparticle (LNP) composite film. The results showed that CNF and LNP had synergistic actions on enhancing the tensile strength, thermal conductivity and stability of the film. The 4 wt% CNF-reinforced composites exhibited the higher through-plane thermal conductivity (up to 1.76 W/mK) than that without CNF (1.44 W/mK), revealing an increase of 22.2% at the same BNNS loading. Meanwhile, the maximum decomposition rate (Rmax) was roughly 0.6%/oC, a decrease of 14.3% compared with the composite film without LNP. Furthermore, the rigidity of composite film was strengthened by incorporating CNF and LNP, the tensile strength of the composite film showed the highest value of 35.0 MPa with 4 wt% CNF and 0.01 g LNP, while this of BNNS/PVA/LNP film and BNNS/PVA/CNF film was only 30.66 MPa and 30.62 MPa, respectively. The green and flexible fabrication approaches will be helpful to build up eco-friendly BN composites with wide applications in thermal management of electronics. Native and gamma (γ) irradiated lotus seed starch was studied for its physicochemical, thermal, pasting and morphological properties. Upon gamma radiation of starches at 5, 10, 15 and 20 kGy, amylose content was decreased as the dose of radiation was increased. Lotus seeds starch granules had bimodal size distribution varying in size from small to large. At low dose of irradiation (5, 10KGy), no significant changes were observed in shape and size. However, minor alterations were notice during treatment of 15KGy and 20 KGy, which included roughness. Irradiation significantly decreased the pasting properties (peak, trough, final and setback viscosities) of the starch. To, Tp, and Tc for native lotus seed starch were for first peak 137.44 °C, 138.29 °C and 143.21 °C and for second peak 169.51 °C, 169.72 °C, and 177.73 °C respectively. Upon radiation, the gelatinization temperatures were decreased. The irradiated starch showed no change in diffraction pattern compared to native lotus seed starch. V.Three anionic chitosan surfactant with different hydrophobic tails labeled Chitosan-R8, Chitosan-R12 and Chitosan-R16 were prepared and their surface behavior in aqueous solution was determined by surface tension measurements at three different temperatures 20, 40 and 60 °C. The affinity of the synthesized anionic chitosan surfactant to form micelle enhanced with increasing the hydrophobic chain length as well as raising the solution temperature up to 60 °C. The anionic chitosan surfactant showed a great influence as capping agent for the in-situ preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) based on photochemical reduction method using sunlight as reducing agent. The chemical structure of chitosan surfactant showed a great effect on the size and stability of the prepared AgNPs. The Chitosan-R16 with longer hydrophobic tail, produce a uniform, small size & stable AgNPs compared to shorter tail Chitosan-R12 & Chitosan-R8.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/rg-7112.html  The prepared anionic chitosan showed good inhibiting effect against the steel corrosion in the 1.0 M HCl. The corrosion inhibition efficiency was determined using three different techniques, proving the ability of the new chitosan surfactant to inhibit the steel corrosion. The XPS results confirmed the formation of chitosan inhibitor on the steel surface.