https://www.selleckchem.com/products/vtp50469.html Reserpine is an indole alkaloid extracted from Rauwolfia serpentine roots, an Indian climbing shrub. Reserpine has FDA approval since 1955 and is one of the first agents developed to treat hypertension in clinical practice. Reserpine can be prescribed alone or in combination with a vasodilator or thiazide diuretic, such as reserpine-hydrochlorothiazide, as commonly used in China for over 40 years. Reserpine was utilized as a first-line antihypertensive therapy when initially introduced but is currently considered second-line treatment. This change in status is due to newer and more favorable antihypertensive medications with better side effects.Loperamide is an over-the-counter oral antidiarrheal agent made in 1969, first used medically in 1976 and became available without a prescription in 1988. Initially, due to its opioid-like abuse potential, it was categorized as a Schedule V drug by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA). Currently, loperamide has been FDA approved to treat various forms of diarrhea and has also been used off-label to treat the adverse effects of chemotherapy resulting in diarrhea. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in non-medical use of loperamide, ranging from self- management of opioid withdrawal symptoms as well as a means to induce euphoria, i.e., getting high. Recently, a new syndrome termed loperamide-induced cardiotoxicity has come to light. Patients can present with different forms of potentially life-threatening dysrhythmias when using loperamide in toxic doses.Tolterodine is a tertiary amine and serves as an antimuscarinic medication indicated in patients with an overactive bladder (OAB), including increased urgency and frequency to urinate. This drug serves as a gold standard treatment for OAB, is regarded as the third most favorable antimuscarinic, and has a decreased level of adverse effects when compared to other alternatives, such as oxybutynin. Patient tolera