https://www.selleckchem.com/products/l-ascorbic-acid-2-phosphate-sesquimagnesium-salt-hydrate.html 04; 95% CI 0.02, 0.07). In addition, duloxetine is associated with more treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) (RR 1.25; 95% CI 1.17, 1.33) and discontinuations for adverse events (AEs) (RR 2.31; 95% CI 1.81, 2.94). However, there was no statistically significant difference in serious AEs between duloxetine and placebo. CONCLUSION Duloxetine had modest to moderate effects on pain relief, function improvement, mood regulation and improvement in quality of life with mild AEs in the treatment of OA or CLBP. Future RCTs should focus on comparing duloxetine with other oral drugs and assessing the long-term safety of duloxetine. OBJECTIVE Physical activity (PA) in the US knee osteoarthritis (OA) population is low, despite well-established health benefits. PA program implementation is often stymied by sustainability concerns. We sought to establish parameters that would make a short-term (3-year efficacy) PA program a cost-effective component of long-term OA care. METHOD Using a validated computer microsimulation (Osteoarthritis Policy Model), we examined the long-term clinical (e.g., comorbidities averted), quality of life (QoL), and economic impacts of a 3-year PA program, based upon the SPARKS (Studying Physical Activity Rewards after Knee Surgery) Trial, for inactive knee OA patients. We determined the cost, efficacy, and impact of PA on QoL and medical costs that would make a PA program a cost-effective addition to OA care. RESULTS Among the 14 million with knee OA in the US, >4 million are inactive. Participation of 10% in the modeled PA program could save 200 cases of cardiovascular disease, 400 cases of diabetes, and 6,800 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). The program had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $16,100/QALY. Tripling PA program cost ($860/year) raised the ICER to $108,300/QALY; varying QoL benefits from PA yielded ICERs of $8,800/QALY-