The modulation initiated by BO represents a promising strategy for treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases.Non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious complication in diabetic patients. Their incidence has increased in recent years. Although there are several treatments for DFUs, they are often not effective enough to avoid amputation. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is expressed in most tissues and is a negative regulator of important metabolic pathways. PTP1B is overexpressed in tissues under diabetic conditions. Recently, PTP1B inhibition has been found to enhance wound healing. PTP1B inhibition decreases inflammation and bacterial infection at the wound site and promotes angiogenesis and tissue regeneration, thereby facilitating diabetic wound healing. In summary, the pharmacological modulation of PTP1B activity may help treat DFUs, suggesting that PTP1B inhibition is an outstanding therapeutic target.Objective The effect of voglibose on metabolic homeostasis is not well characterized. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials assessing the effect of voglibose on metabolic profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Cochrane Library to identify clinical trials assessing the effects of voglibose supplementation on cardio-metabolic profile from incept up to 29 July 2019. Data was pooled using fixed- or random-effect models and weighted mean difference (WMD) as the effect size. Results Eight clinical trials from 1094 reports, were eligible for inclusion. Pooled findings identified significant reductions in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD= -0.27; 95 %CI -0.49 to -0.05; P = 0.01; I2 = 64.8 %) and an increase in LDL-cholesterol levels (WMD=5.97 mg/dl, 95 % CI 0.88, 11.06, P = 0.02; I2 = 0.0 %).  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly333531.html  However, no evidence of effect for voglibose intake on T2DM patients was observed for fasting blood sugar (FBS) (WMD -7.43 mg/dl; 95 %CI -16.56 to 1.71; P = 0.110; I2 = 69.3 %), serum insulin (WMD= -0.15 μU/mL; 95 %CI -0.89 to 0.60; P = 0.70; I2 = 0.0 %), total-cholesterol (WMD=2.82 mg/dl, 95 %CI -2.36 to 8.01, P = 0.70; I2 = 49.7 %), triglycerides (WMD= -7.07 mg/dl, 95 %CI -21.76 to 7.62, P = 0.34; I2 = 0.0 %), HDL-cholesterol levels (WMD= -2.10 mg/dl, 95 %CI -4.48 to 0.27, P = 0.08; I2 = 0.0 %,), body mass index (BMI) (WMD=0.09 kg/m2, 95 %CI -0.70 to 0.87; P = 0.87; I2 = 0.0 %), body weight (WMD= -0.42 kg, 95 %CI -0.84 to 0.00; P = 0.05; I2 = 0.0 %), and adiponectin levels (WMD = 0.32 μg/mL, 95 %CI -0.74 to 1.38; P = 0.55; I2 = 0.0 %). Conclusions The current meta-analysis identified a decrease in HbA1c and an increase in LDL-cholesterol with administration of voglibose. However, no significant effect was observed on FBS, insulin, bodyweight, BMI, adiponectin, triglycerides, total- and HDL-cholesterol levels.Dendritic cells (DCs), as specialized antigen-presenting cells, are essential for the initiation of specific T cell responses in innate antitumor immunity and, in certain cases, support humoral responses to inhibit tumor development. Mounting evidence suggests that the DC system displays a broad spectrum of dysfunctional status in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which ultimately affects antitumor immune responses. DC-based therapy can restore the function of DCs in the TME, thus showing a promising potential in tumor therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the DC deficiency caused by various factors in the TME and discuss proposed strategies to reverse DC deficiency and the applications of novel combinatorial DC-based therapy for immune normalization of the tumor.Stimulation of opioid receptors is widely used for relieving cancer pain in patients with advanced cancer. The expression of tissue opioid receptors varies depending on the types of cancer and it is regulated by several factors. This review provides a focused overview of the current evidence for the role of opioid receptors in modulating cancer progression, a discussion of the proposed underlying mechanisms and the pharmacological activity of opioid agonists and antagonists. Conflicting evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggests the possible involvement of opioid receptor agonists in both the development and suppression of human cancer. Some retrospective clinical studies also show a possible detrimental effect on long-term patient outcomes. Among the opioid receptor agonists, morphine has been extensively studied in various cancer types. Moreover, various pathological processes of human cancer are affected by opioid receptor agonists, such as tumour growth, angiogenesis and immunosuppression. These findings highlight the functional value of opioid receptors in human cancer, and a potential double role of opioid receptor agonists and antagonists in human cancer treatment.Background and objective Retinal pathology diseases such as glaucoma, obesity, diabetes, hypertension etc. have deadliest impact on life of human being today. Retinal blood vessels consist of various significant information which are helpful in detection and treatment of these diseases. Therefore, it is essential to segment these retinal vessels. Various matched filter approaches for segmentation of retinal blood vessels are reported in the literature but their kernel templates are not appropriate to vessel profile resulting poor performance. To overcome this, a novel matched filter approach based on Fréchet probability distribution function has been proposed. Methods Image processing operations which we have used in the proposed approach are basically divided into three major stages viz; pre processing, Fréchet matched filter and post processing. In pre processing, principle component analysis (PCA) method is used to convert color image into grayscale image thereafter contrast limited adaptive histogram equaely. Conclusions From experimental results, it can be observed that our proposed approach outperforms over latest and prominent works reported in the literature. The cause of improved performance is due to better matching between vessel profile and Fréchet template.