https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gdc-0068.html In 40 analysed treatment plans, the average and low dose volumes to various OARs were significantly reduced when using IMPT compared to VMAT ( <0.05). Using the RPSS, a significant difference between both treatment modalities was found, with 85% of the patients having a lower RPSS in favour of the IMPT plan. There are dosimetric differences between IMPT and VMAT in pilocytic astrocytoma patients. In absence of clinically validated NTCP models we introduce the RPSS model in order to objectively compare treatment modalities by translating dosimetric differences in potential clinical differences. There are dosimetric differences between IMPT and VMAT in pilocytic astrocytoma patients. In absence of clinically validated NTCP models we introduce the RPSS model in order to objectively compare treatment modalities by translating dosimetric differences in potential clinical differences. The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signalling pathway has a pivotal role in cancer proliferation and modulating treatment response. Selumetinib inhibits MEK and enhances effects of radiotherapy in preclinical studies. Single-arm, single-centre, open-label phase I trial. Patients with stage III NSCLC unsuitable for concurrent chemo-radiotherapy, or stage IV with dominant thoracic symptoms, were recruited to a dose-finding stage (Fibonacci 3+3 design; maximum number=18) then an expanded cohort (n=15). Oral selumetinib was administered twice daily (starting dose 50mg) commencing 7days prior to thoracic radiotherapy, then with radiotherapy (6-6.5weeks; 60-66Gy/30-33 fractions). The primary objective was to determine the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of selumetinib in combination with thoracic radiotherapy. 21 patients were enrolled (06/2010-02/2015). Median age 62y (range 50-73). MF ratio 12(57%)9(43%). ECOG PS 01, 7(33%)14(67%). Stage III 16(76%); IV 5(24%). Median GTV 64cm (range 1-224cm ). 15 patients comprised tocystis jiroveci pneumonia. These results