https://www.selleckchem.com/products/nu7441.html In general sputtering, material characteristics can be degraded by high-energy particles located inside the plasma owing to the thin film surface. However, facing target sputtering (FTS) can be used to produce high-quality thin films through maximum control over substrate damage and the reduction of layer damage caused by high-energy particles impacting the substrate. Transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) are being applied to a variety of technologies, including displays and solar cells. The typical transparent electrode material is indium tin oxide (ITO), which contains rare and expensive raw materials. Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) has attracted increasing attention as a substitute to ITO because it is composed of abundantly available resources and is generally inexpensive. In this study, an AZO thin film was prepared using an FTS system for heterojunction solar cells. The effects of the deposition substrate temperature on the resulting electrical conductivity, structural properties, and optical properties of the AZO thin films were examined.Ultraviolet (UV) sensors have application in many different areas such as flame and hightemperature detection, space research, environmental monitoring, ozone layer monitoring, and missile warning systems. Among them, ZnO thin-film-based UV sensors have been attracting attention among research groups and are being continuously studied. The incorporation of ZnO/organic hybrid structures into solar cells and other photoelectrochemical applications has been extensively reported. However, little research has been performed on ZnO/polymer-based UV sensors. In this study, a simple UV sensor based on an AlZnO/polymer is demonstrated. Al-doped ZnO enables effective UV detection with excellent performance at low operating voltages using a simple and inexpensive process.To treat and improve skin condition, photo masks using LEDs have been developed and widely marketed to consumers. Howev