https://www.selleckchem.com/products/otssp167.html anesthetics is necessary to balance pain control benefits with additional cost. Inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is characterized by chronic inflammation that could be a risk factor for extraintestinal cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether inflammatory bowel disease is related to the risk of lower urinary tract tumors. A systematical research was performed on various medical databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science from inception to April 2020. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine criteria were used to assess the quality of included articles. The analysis was completed by STATA version 14.2. Six hundred and twelve of records were initially identified and 16 studies were included in the final analysis. In general, inflammatory bowel disease patients were not at increased risk of prostate cancer, bladder cancer and male genital cancer. In the subgroup analysis, Crohn's disease patients seemed to havepatients seemed to have a higher risk of prostate cancer. ulcerative colitis patients in East Asian countries have significantly increased prostate cancer risk. Active surveillance or watchful waiting (AS/WW) is increasingly being used as an alternative strategy to radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy for appropriately selected patients with prostate cancer (PCa). However, the prognosis of low-risk and selective intermediate-risk PCa patients after AS/WW is poorly defined. In this study we reviewed the patients registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program to establish a competing risk nomogram for the prediction of prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM). The information of patients undergoing AS/WW in the SEER program from 2004 to 2015 was obtained. All patients were ISUP (International Society of U