https://www.selleckchem.com/products/guggulsterone.html Previous studies have failed to draw a consistent conclusion over the effect of vitamin D administration on asthma. We hypothesized that vitamin D supplementation could improve the clinical efficacy of corticosteroids in patients with asthma as measured by exacerbations, Asthma Control Test (ACT) score, and lung function in order to maintain asthma control. We searched Web of Science, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect up through January 20, 2021 for randomized controlled trials analyzing the effect of vitamin D supplementation on asthma exacerbation. Studies were limited to patients with moderate to severe asthma who were treated with corticosteroids. We identified 12 studies involving 1,543 participants in this meta-analysis. Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the risk of asthma exacerbation (pooled risk ratio (RR) 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59, 0.83; P .05). We performed subgroup analysis and meta-regression of serum vitamin D levels but found no source of heterogeneity. Vitamin D supplementation safely reduced the rate of asthma exacerbation but did not improve ACT score or lung function among patients with asthma treated with corticosteroids.Some studies have demonstrated that excessive fructose consumption negatively impact brain function. Recently, the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis - which suggests that maternal nutritional status during gestation and lactation can alter offspring phenotype - has received much attention. In a previous study, we demonstrated that maternal fructose consumption increases levels of lipid peroxides in hippocampi of offspring. The hypothesis in the present study was that maternal fructose intake would affect hippocampal antioxidant enzyme via epigenetic regulation. Upon confirmation of gestation, female rats were assigned to receive either water (control group) or a 20% fructose solution (fructose-fed group). Water