https://www.selleckchem.com/products/protosappanin-b.html OBJECTIVES Orofacial clefts are common birth defects with a lack of strong evidence regarding their association with maternal nutrition. We aimed to determine whether a relationship exists between maternal nutrient or multivitamin intake and orofacial clefts. DESIGN This is a prospective, population-based nationwide cohort study. SETTING The study was conducted in 15 regional centres, consisting of local administrative units and study areas. PARTICIPANTS A total of 98 787 eligible mother-child pairs of the Japan Environment and Children's Study were included. INTERVENTION Exposures were maternal nutrition and the use of supplemental multivitamins in mothers. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes were the occurrence of any orofacial cleft at birth. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between maternal multivitamin intake and the incidence of orofacial clefts. RESULTS Of the 98 787 children, 69 (0.07%) were diagnosed with cleft lip alone, 113 (0.11%) were diagl re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.OBJECTIVE To explore why transplant patients experience unexpected mild-to-moderate distress and what support they may need. DESIGN Qualitative study using individual in-depth interviews. SETTING Four National Health Service (NHS) Trusts in the Midlands, UK. PARTICIPANTS Fifteen renal transplant patients meeting the criteria for mild-to-moderate distress from their responses to emotion thermometers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Identification of the reasons for distress and support options acceptable to renal transplant patients. RESULTS Three themes were interpreted from the data 'I am living with a "foreign body" inside me', 'why am I distressed?' and 'different patients want different support'. Following their transplant, participants felt that they should be happy and content, but this was often not the case. They described a range of feelings about thei